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Accurate Determination of the Neutron Skin Thickness of 208 Pb through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering

We report a precision measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry A PV in the elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from 208 Pb . We measure APV=550±16(stat)±8(syst) parts per billion, leading to an extraction of the neutral weak form factor FW(Q2=0.00616 GeV2)=0.368±0.013 . Com...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physical review letters 2021-04, Vol.126 (17), p.1
Main Authors: Adhikari, D, Albataineh, H, Androic, D, Aniol, K, Armstrong, D S, Averett, T, Gayoso, C Ayerbe, Barcus, S, Bellini, V, Beminiwattha, R S, Benesch, J F, Bhatt, H, Pathak, D Bhatta, Bhetuwal, D, Blaikie, B, Campagna, Q, Camsonne, A, Cates, G D, Chen, Y, Clarke, C, Cornejo, J C, Dusa, S Covrig, Datta, P, Deshpande, A, Dutta, D, Feldman, C, Fuchey, E, Gal, C, Gaskell, D, Gautam, T, Gericke, M, Ghosh, C, Halilovic, I, Hansen, J-O, Hauenstein, F, Henry, W, Horowitz, C J, Jantzi, C, Jian, S, Johnston, S, Jones, D C, Karki, B, Katugampola, S, Keppel, C, King, P M, King, D E, Knauss, M, Kumar, K S, Kutz, T, Lashley-Colthirst, N, Leverick, G, Liu, H, Liyange, N, Malace, S, Mammei, R, Mammei, J, McCaughan, M, McNulty, D, Meekins, D, Metts, C, Michaels, R, Mondal, M Mondal, Napolitano, J, Narayan, A, Rashad, M N H, Owen, V, Palatchi, C, Pan, J, Pandey, B, Park, S, Paschke, K D, Petrusky, M, Pitt, M L, Premathilake, S, Puckett, A J R, Quinn, B, Radloff, R, Rahman, S, Rathnayake, A, Reed, B T, Reimer, P E, Richards, R, Riordan, S, Roblin, Y, Seeds, S, Shahinyan, A, Souder, P, Tang, L, Thiel, M, Tian, Y, Urciuoli, G M, Wertz, E W, Wojtsekhowski, B, Yale, B, Ye, T, Yoon, A, Zec, A, Zhang, W, Zhang, J, Zheng, X
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Language:English
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Summary:We report a precision measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry A PV in the elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from 208 Pb . We measure APV=550±16(stat)±8(syst) parts per billion, leading to an extraction of the neutral weak form factor FW(Q2=0.00616 GeV2)=0.368±0.013 . Combined with our previous measurement, the extracted neutron skin thickness is Rn−Rp=0.283±0.071 fm. The result also yields the first significant direct measurement of the interior weak density of 208 Pb: ρW0=− 0.0796 ± 0.0036 ( exp ) ± 0.0013 ( theo ) fm−3 leading to the interior baryon density ρb0 = 0.1480 ± 0.0036 ( exp ) ± 0.0013 ( theo ) fm −3. The measurement accurately constrains the density dependence of the symmetry energy of nuclear matter near saturation density, with implications for the size and composition of neutron stars.
ISSN:0031-9007
1079-7114
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.172502