Geochemical evidence of tropical cyclone controls on shallow-marine sedimentation (Pliocene, Taiwan)

Shallow-marine sediment typically contains a mix of marine and terrestrial organic material (OM). Most terrestrial OM enters the ocean through rivers, and marine OM is incorporated into the sediment through both suspension settling of marine plankton and sediment reworking by tides and waves under f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Geology (Boulder) 2021-05, Vol.49 (5), p.566-570
Main Authors: Dashtgard, Shahin E, Löwemark, Ludvig, Wang, Pei-Ling, Setiaji, Romy A, Vaucher, Romain
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asia
Bioturbation
C-13/C-12
carbon
Catchment area
Catchments
Cenozoic
chemostratigraphy
Cyclones
Da'an River
Deposition
Extreme weather
Fair weather
Far East
Fluvial sediments
Geochemistry
Geology
Hurricanes
isotope ratios
isotopes
Kueichulin Formation
lithostratigraphy
lower Pliocene
Marine environment
Marine sediments
Neogene
nitrogen
Oceans
paleoclimatology
paleoenvironment
Plankton
Pliocene
River catchments
Rivers
Sediment
Sedimentary structures
Sedimentation
Sedimentation & deposition
Sediments
Settling
shallow-water environment
Shihliufen Shale
stable isotopes
Storms
Strata
Stratigraphy
Taiwan
Terrestrial environments
Tertiary
Tides
Tropical climate
Tropical cyclones
tropical environment
Water depth
Weather
Weather conditions
Yutengping Sandstone
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Summary:Shallow-marine sediment typically contains a mix of marine and terrestrial organic material (OM). Most terrestrial OM enters the ocean through rivers, and marine OM is incorporated into the sediment through both suspension settling of marine plankton and sediment reworking by tides and waves under fair-weather conditions. River-derived terrestrial OM is delivered year-round, although sediment and OM delivery from rivers is typically highest during extreme weather events that impact river catchments. In Taiwan, tropical cyclones (TCs) are the dominant extreme weather event, and 75% of all sediment delivered to the surrounding ocean occurs during TCs. Distinguishing between sediment deposited during TCs and that redistributed by tides and waves during fair-weather conditions can be approximated using δ13Corg values and C:N ratios of OM. Lower Pliocene shallow-marine sedimentary strata in the Western Foreland Basin of Taiwan rarely exhibit physical evidence of storm-dominated deposition. Instead they comprise completely bioturbated intervals that transition upward into strata dominated by tidally generated sedimentary structures, indicating extensive sediment reworking under fair-weather conditions. However, these strata contain OM that is effectively 100% terrestrial OM in sediment that accumulated in estimated water depths
ISSN:0091-7613
1943-2682
DOI:10.1130/G48586.1