Finite gyroradius multidimensional electron hole equilibria
Finite electron gyroradius influences on the trapping and charge density distribution of electron holes of limited transverse extent are calculated analytically and explored by numerical orbit integration in low to moderate magnetic fields. Parallel trapping is shown to depend upon the gyroaveraged...
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Published in: | Physics of plasmas 2021-05, Vol.28 (5) |
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description | Finite electron gyroradius influences on the trapping and charge density distribution of electron holes of limited transverse extent are calculated analytically and explored by numerical orbit integration in low to moderate magnetic fields. Parallel trapping is shown to depend upon the gyroaveraged potential energy and to give rise to gyroaveraged charge deficit. Both types of average are expressible as convolutions with perpendicular Gaussians of width equal to the thermal gyroradius. Orbit-following confirms these phenomena but also confirms for the first time in self-consistent potential profiles the importance of gyrobounce resonance detrapping and consequent velocity diffusion on stochastic orbits. The averaging strongly reduces the trapped electron deficit that can be sustained by any potential profile whose transverse width is comparable to the gyroradius rg. It effectively prevents equilibrium widths smaller than
∼
r
g for times longer than a quarter parallel-bounce-period. Avoiding gyrobounce resonance detrapping is even more restrictive, except for very small potential amplitudes, but it takes multiple bounce periods to act. Quantitative criteria are given for both types of orbit loss. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1063/5.0045301 |
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∼
r
g for times longer than a quarter parallel-bounce-period. Avoiding gyrobounce resonance detrapping is even more restrictive, except for very small potential amplitudes, but it takes multiple bounce periods to act. Quantitative criteria are given for both types of orbit loss.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1070-664X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1089-7674</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/5.0045301</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PHPAEN</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melville: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>Charge density ; Density distribution ; Electrons ; Holes (electron deficiencies) ; Orbital resonances (celestial mechanics) ; Plasma physics ; Potential energy ; Resonance ; Trapping</subject><ispartof>Physics of plasmas, 2021-05, Vol.28 (5)</ispartof><rights>Author(s)</rights><rights>2021 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-c9f2a836b0fcaf78c1b6155a908868c4bbaad0e231a3a1c3362a886502fd12503</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-c9f2a836b0fcaf78c1b6155a908868c4bbaad0e231a3a1c3362a886502fd12503</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4276-6576</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.aip.org/pop/article-lookup/doi/10.1063/5.0045301$$EHTML$$P50$$Gscitation$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,778,780,791,27901,27902,76352</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hutchinson, I. H.</creatorcontrib><title>Finite gyroradius multidimensional electron hole equilibria</title><title>Physics of plasmas</title><description>Finite electron gyroradius influences on the trapping and charge density distribution of electron holes of limited transverse extent are calculated analytically and explored by numerical orbit integration in low to moderate magnetic fields. Parallel trapping is shown to depend upon the gyroaveraged potential energy and to give rise to gyroaveraged charge deficit. Both types of average are expressible as convolutions with perpendicular Gaussians of width equal to the thermal gyroradius. Orbit-following confirms these phenomena but also confirms for the first time in self-consistent potential profiles the importance of gyrobounce resonance detrapping and consequent velocity diffusion on stochastic orbits. The averaging strongly reduces the trapped electron deficit that can be sustained by any potential profile whose transverse width is comparable to the gyroradius rg. It effectively prevents equilibrium widths smaller than
∼
r
g for times longer than a quarter parallel-bounce-period. Avoiding gyrobounce resonance detrapping is even more restrictive, except for very small potential amplitudes, but it takes multiple bounce periods to act. Quantitative criteria are given for both types of orbit loss.</description><subject>Charge density</subject><subject>Density distribution</subject><subject>Electrons</subject><subject>Holes (electron deficiencies)</subject><subject>Orbital resonances (celestial mechanics)</subject><subject>Plasma physics</subject><subject>Potential energy</subject><subject>Resonance</subject><subject>Trapping</subject><issn>1070-664X</issn><issn>1089-7674</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AJDQP</sourceid><recordid>eNqd0FFLwzAQAOAgCs7pg_-g4JNC56Vp0gyfZDgVBr4o-BauaaIZXbMlqbB_v84NfPfpDu674-4IuaYwoSDYPZ8AlJwBPSEjCnKaV6IqT_d5BbkQ5ec5uYhxCYMSXI7Iw9x1Lpnsaxt8wMb1MVv1bXKNW5kuOt9hm5nW6BR8l3371mRm07vW1cHhJTmz2EZzdYxj8jF_ep-95Iu359fZ4yLXTBQp11NboGSiBqvRVlLTWlDOcQpSCqnLukZswBSMIkOq2dCEQ4VDYRtacGBjcnOYuw5-05uY1NL3YdgsqoIXXHLJftXtQengYwzGqnVwKwxbRUHtf6O4Ov5msHcHG7VLmIYz_4d_fPiDat1YtgMuHHHy</recordid><startdate>202105</startdate><enddate>202105</enddate><creator>Hutchinson, I. H.</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><scope>AJDQP</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4276-6576</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202105</creationdate><title>Finite gyroradius multidimensional electron hole equilibria</title><author>Hutchinson, I. H.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-c9f2a836b0fcaf78c1b6155a908868c4bbaad0e231a3a1c3362a886502fd12503</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Charge density</topic><topic>Density distribution</topic><topic>Electrons</topic><topic>Holes (electron deficiencies)</topic><topic>Orbital resonances (celestial mechanics)</topic><topic>Plasma physics</topic><topic>Potential energy</topic><topic>Resonance</topic><topic>Trapping</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hutchinson, I. H.</creatorcontrib><collection>AIP Open Access Journals</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Physics of plasmas</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hutchinson, I. H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Finite gyroradius multidimensional electron hole equilibria</atitle><jtitle>Physics of plasmas</jtitle><date>2021-05</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>5</issue><issn>1070-664X</issn><eissn>1089-7674</eissn><coden>PHPAEN</coden><abstract>Finite electron gyroradius influences on the trapping and charge density distribution of electron holes of limited transverse extent are calculated analytically and explored by numerical orbit integration in low to moderate magnetic fields. Parallel trapping is shown to depend upon the gyroaveraged potential energy and to give rise to gyroaveraged charge deficit. Both types of average are expressible as convolutions with perpendicular Gaussians of width equal to the thermal gyroradius. Orbit-following confirms these phenomena but also confirms for the first time in self-consistent potential profiles the importance of gyrobounce resonance detrapping and consequent velocity diffusion on stochastic orbits. The averaging strongly reduces the trapped electron deficit that can be sustained by any potential profile whose transverse width is comparable to the gyroradius rg. It effectively prevents equilibrium widths smaller than
∼
r
g for times longer than a quarter parallel-bounce-period. Avoiding gyrobounce resonance detrapping is even more restrictive, except for very small potential amplitudes, but it takes multiple bounce periods to act. Quantitative criteria are given for both types of orbit loss.</abstract><cop>Melville</cop><pub>American Institute of Physics</pub><doi>10.1063/5.0045301</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4276-6576</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Charge density Density distribution Electrons Holes (electron deficiencies) Orbital resonances (celestial mechanics) Plasma physics Potential energy Resonance Trapping |
title | Finite gyroradius multidimensional electron hole equilibria |
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