Service-Connected Disability and the Veteran Mortality Disadvantage

Research consistently reports a veteran mortality disadvantage relative to nonveterans, but has not considered the contribution of service-connected disability to this differential. We use data from the 1986 and 1989 National Health Interview Survey-2011 Linked Mortality Files (N = 124,122) to estim...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Armed forces and society 2021-07, Vol.47 (3), p.457-479
Main Authors: Landes, Scott D., London, Andrew S., Wilmoth, Janet M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Disability
Extensions
Health
Health problems
Health services
Health status
Mortality
Sociodemographics
Socioeconomic status
Veterans
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Summary:Research consistently reports a veteran mortality disadvantage relative to nonveterans, but has not considered the contribution of service-connected disability to this differential. We use data from the 1986 and 1989 National Health Interview Survey-2011 Linked Mortality Files (N = 124,122) to estimate multivariate Cox regression models of the association between veteran status and mortality, taking service-connected disability status into account. Bivariate analyses demonstrate higher mortality risk, lower socioeconomic status, and poorer health and functioning among veterans with a service-connected disability than among nonveterans and veterans without a service-connected disability. Multivariate models confirm a mortality disadvantage for all veteran service-connected disability subgroups, which is reduced by the inclusion of exogenous sociodemographic variables and substantially mediated by the health/functional limitation status measures. Results indicate that service-connected disability status accounts for some variation in, and may have a cumulative effect on, the veteran mortality disadvantage. When possible, future research should account for service-connected disability status when studying veteran–nonveteran mortality differentials.
ISSN:0095-327X
1556-0848
DOI:10.1177/0095327X19884721