Inadequately educated workforce and financing obstacles: international evidence from SMEs in developing countries

• Published in: International journal of managerial finance 2021-01, Vol.17 (1), p.118-137
• Main Authors: Jabbouri, Imad, Farooq, Omar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Capital expenditures; Developing countries; Economic growth; Education; Financial institutions; Financial reporting; Financial statements; GDP; Gross Domestic Product; Hypotheses; LDCs; Manufacturing; Productivity; Small & medium sized enterprises-SME; Workforce; Working capital
• ISSN: 1743-9132; 1758-6569
• DOI: 10.1108/IJMF-01-2020-0002

PurposeThis paper aims to document the impact of inadequately educated workforce on the extent of financing obstacles experienced by firms.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the data provided by the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys to test our arguments. The data were collected during the period between 2008 and 2018 in 141 developing countries. A pooled ordered logit regression analysis is performed to arrive at the results.FindingsThe study’s results show that firms with inadequately educated workforce are more likely to experience financing obstacles than other firms. The authors argue that poor performance and lack of technical expertise required to access finance are some of the reasons behind greater financing obstacles experienced by these firms. The study’s results are robust across different geographic regions. The authors also show that firms with inadequately educated workforce are more likely to seek informal credit for financing their short-term (working capital) and long-term (capital expenditures) capital requirements.Practical implicationsUnderstanding the factors that affect the financing constraints faced by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) should be valuable to managers of SMEs and policy-makers. By removing these constraints, managers can improve their access to financing, and policy-makers can facilitate higher economic growth and better economic conditions.Originality/valuePrior studies have largely been silent on the impact of inadequately educated workforce on the access to finance. This paper draws attention to this issue within the context of SMEs in an international setting. SMEs are the drivers of economic growth in any country. However, their contributions to economic growth cannot materialize without fulfilling their capital needs.