Determining the optimum gamma irradiation dose for developing novel maize genotypes

Mutation breeding has been used successfully worldwide to generate crop varieties with various traits, including pest resistance. Before any mutation breeding is initiated, radio-sensitivity tests need to be conducted to determine optimum doses for mutagenesis. In this study, radio-sensitivity tests...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of crop improvement 2021-07, Vol.35 (4), p.568-581
Main Authors: Matova, Prince M., Kamutando, Casper N., Sarsu, Fatma, Magorokosho, Cosmos, Labuschagne, Maryke
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological effects
Breeding
Corn
Food irradiation
Gamma irradiation
Gamma rays
Genetic variability
Genotypes
Irradiation
Lethal dose
maize
Mutagenesis
Mutation
Optimization
Pest resistance
Radiation dosage
radio-sensitivity
Relative biological effectiveness (RBE)
Seedlings
Seeds
Sensitivity
Zea mays
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Summary:Mutation breeding has been used successfully worldwide to generate crop varieties with various traits, including pest resistance. Before any mutation breeding is initiated, radio-sensitivity tests need to be conducted to determine optimum doses for mutagenesis. In this study, radio-sensitivity tests were conducted on three maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes with six gamma irradiation doses. Highly significant effects of mutagenesis on days to seedling emergence, emergence percentage, and seedling height were observed. Regressing seedling height on gamma-ray doses estimated the lethal dose 50 for the three varieties. The study showed that maize seeds were responsive to gamma irradiation and optimal doses can be used to generate novel genetic variability for effective breeding. Doses with high relative biological effectiveness for mutation breeding ranged from 160 gy - 275 gy.
ISSN:1542-7528
1542-7536
DOI:10.1080/15427528.2020.1850591