Wearable Travel Aid for Environment Perception and Navigation of Visually Impaired People

• Published in: Electronics (Basel) 2019-06, Vol.8 (6), p.697
• Main Authors: Bai, Jinqiang, Liu, Zhaoxiang, Lin, Yimin, Li, Ye, Lian, Shiguo, Liu, Dijun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Artificial neural networks; Blindness; Design; Eyewear; Human performance; Indoor environments; Inertial platforms; Navigation systems; Object recognition; Obstacle avoidance; People with disabilities; Perception; Semantics; Sensors; Smartphones; Speech recognition; Visual impairment; Wearable technology
• ISSN: 2079-9292; 2079-9292
• DOI: 10.3390/electronics8060697

Assistive devices for visually impaired people (VIP) which support daily traveling and improve social inclusion are developing fast. Most of them try to solve the problem of navigation or obstacle avoidance, and other works focus on helping VIP to recognize their surrounding objects. However, very few of them couple both capabilities (i.e., navigation and recognition). Aiming at the above needs, this paper presents a wearable assistive device that allows VIP to (i) navigate safely and quickly in unfamiliar environment, and (ii) to recognize the objects in both indoor and outdoor environments. The device consists of a consumer Red, Green, Blue and Depth (RGB-D) camera and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), which are mounted on a pair of eyeglasses, and a smartphone. The device leverages the ground height continuity among adjacent image frames to segment the ground accurately and rapidly, and then search the moving direction according to the ground. A lightweight Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based object recognition system is developed and deployed on the smartphone to increase the perception ability of VIP and promote the navigation system. It can provide the semantic information of surroundings, such as the categories, locations, and orientations of objects. Human–machine interaction is performed through audio module (a beeping sound for obstacle alert, speech recognition for understanding the user commands, and speech synthesis for expressing semantic information of surroundings). We evaluated the performance of the proposed system through many experiments conducted in both indoor and outdoor scenarios, demonstrating the efficiency and safety of the proposed assistive system.