Factors Determining City Brand Equity—A Systematic Literature Review

The aim of this study is to analyze factors determining city brand equity (CBE) on the bases of a systematic literature review (SLR) according to a procedure developed by Tranfield. Five databases were searched (Scopus, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, EBSCO, and Elsevier) for studies containing the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sustainability 2020-10, Vol.12 (19), p.7858
Main Author: Górska-Warsewicz, Hanna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Airlines
Brand equity
Brand image
Brand loyalty
Cities
Customer services
Image quality
Keywords
Literature reviews
Marketing
Restaurants
Social responsibility
Statistical methods
Sustainability
Systematic review
Tourism
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Summary:The aim of this study is to analyze factors determining city brand equity (CBE) on the bases of a systematic literature review (SLR) according to a procedure developed by Tranfield. Five databases were searched (Scopus, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, EBSCO, and Elsevier) for studies containing the term ‘city brand equity’. In addition, databases were searched for ‘destination brand equity’ and ‘place brand equity’ statements focusing on city brands. This SLR contains 36 empirical studies and does not include conference materials, and books. The analysis was based on three issues: general information (author/authors, year of publication, research tools, sample size, city and country as well as sample population), research specification (variables, hypotheses or research questions, statistical methods and research tools), and findings related to CBE and practical implications for destination marketing organizations, and destination or city managers. In summary, there are many factors determining CBE, including brand image, brand quality and brand awareness. These factors are related to cultural, environmental and ecological elements, as well as infrastructure and services offered to tourists. Brand assets related to the perception of the city brands in various aspects also proved to be important.
ISSN:2071-1050
2071-1050
DOI:10.3390/su12197858