Rangeland Biodiversity and Climate Variability: Supporting the Need for Flexible Grazing Management

Resting or grazing exclusion is an effective practice widely adopted to restore degraded, arid rangelands. To understand its effect on plant diversity, we studied Hill’s diversity indices during two growing seasons (2017–2019). The experiment consisted of a three-level factorial design with four pla...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sustainability 2021-07, Vol.13 (13), p.7124
Main Authors: Louhaichi, Mounir, Gamoun, Mouldi, Ben Salem, Farah, Ouled Belgacem, Azaiez
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arid environments
Biodiversity
Climate variability
Diversity indices
Factorial design
Grazing
Herbivores
Livestock
Livestock grazing
Pasture management
Plant communities
Plant diversity
Plant populations
Rainfall
Range management
Rangelands
Species diversity
Species richness
Sustainability
Variance analysis
Vegetation
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Summary:Resting or grazing exclusion is an effective practice widely adopted to restore degraded, arid rangelands. To understand its effect on plant diversity, we studied Hill’s diversity indices during two growing seasons (2017–2019). The experiment consisted of a three-level factorial design with four plant communities subjected to different resting durations (one, two, and three years) compared to continuously grazed areas (control). The results showed that rainfall plays an important role in arid rangeland restoration. Under favorable conditions, one-year grazing exclusion considerably enhanced species richness and evenness diversity compared to longer resting durations under dry to average rainfall conditions. The decision to how long livestock grazing exclusion would last should not be decided upfront as it depends on the climatic and the site-specific conditions. The findings of this study will have vital management implications for development agencies. Knowing that short grazing exclusion with adequate rainfall amount and distribution could be enough and offers a cost-effective technical option to ensure the sustainable restoration of arid rangeland. This flexible grazing management would also be more acceptable by the pastoral communities. Longer resting periods could have detrimental effects on arid rangeland vegetation, in addition to adding more pressure on the remaining rangeland areas open to grazing.
ISSN:2071-1050
2071-1050
DOI:10.3390/su13137124