Antiparkinsonian activity of Cucurbita pepo seeds along with possible underlying mechanism

• Published in: Metabolic brain disease 2021-08, Vol.36 (6), p.1231-1251
• Main Authors: Saleem, Uzma, Shehzad, Aisha, Shah, Shahid, Raza, Zohaib, Shah, Muhammad Ajmal, Bibi, Shabana, Chauhdary, Zunera, Ahmad, Bashir
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Antiparkinson Agents - pharmacology; Bioavailability; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Catalase; Cucurbita - chemistry; Cucurbita - metabolism; Cucurbita pepo; Drug development; Esterase; Glutathione; Haloperidol; IL-1β; Malondialdehyde; Malondialdehyde - metabolism; Metabolic Diseases; Molecular docking; Movement disorders; Neurodegenerative diseases; Neurology; Neurosciences; Neurotoxicity; Oncology; Original Article; Parkinson Disease - drug therapy; Parkinson's disease; Pharmacokinetics; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Rats; Seeds; Signs and symptoms; Superoxide dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; Synuclein; Tocopherol; Toxicity; Tumor necrosis factor-α
• ISSN: 0885-7490; 1573-7365
• DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00707-6

Cucurbita pepo is used as a vegetable in Pakistan and its seeds are also rich in tocopherol. Data showed the pivotal role of tocopherol in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The current study was designed to probe into the antiparkinson activity of methanolic extract of C. pepo ( MECP) seeds in the haloperidol-induced Parkinson rat model. Behavioral studies showed improvement in motor functions. The increase in catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione levels whereas the decreases in the malondialdehyde and nitrite levels were noted in a dose-dependent manner. Acetylcholine-esterase (AchE) activity was increased. Molecular docking results revealed significant binding interaction of selected phytoconstituents within an active site of target protein AchE (PDB ID: 4EY7). Furthermore, α-synuclein was up regulated with down regulation of TNF-α and IL-1β in the qRT-PCR study. Subsequently, ADMET results on the basis of structure to activity predictions in terms of pharmacokinetics and toxicity estimations show that selected phytochemicals exhibited moderately acceptable properties. These properties add knowledge towards the structural features which could improve the bioavailability of selected phytochemicals before moving towards the initial phase of the drug development. Our integrated drug discovery scheme concluded that C. pepo seeds could ameliorate symptoms of PD and may prove a lead remedy for the treatment of PD. Graphical abstract