Sumithion induced structural erythrocyte alteration and damage to the liver and kidney of Nile tilapia

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2021-07, Vol.28 (27), p.36695-36706
• Main Authors: Sharmin, Sadia, Islam, Md Touhidul, Sadat, Md Anwar, Jannat, Rayeda, Alam, Md Rushna, Shahjahan, Md
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural land; Agrochemicals; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Blood; blood glucose; Blood vessels; Degeneration; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Erythrocytes; Exposure; Fish; Hemoglobin; histopathology; Kidneys; Leukocytes; Liver; Macrophages; Nontarget organisms; Nuclei; Oreochromis niloticus; Pesticides; Ponds; probit analysis; Research Article; Tilapia; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13263-4

Indiscriminate use of pesticides in agricultural land poses a potential threat to many non-target organisms, including fish. In the present study, we explored the toxicological effects of sumithion on Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) after exposure at different concentrations (0.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0 mg/L) in triplicate for 96 h. The 96-h LC 50 value of the pesticide for the test fish was calculated by probit analysis, which was 2.579 mg/L. We also investigated the haematological parameters, erythrocytic alteration and histopathological responses of Nile tilapia. Red blood cell (RBC) and haemoglobin (Hb) level were significantly declined, whereas white blood cell (WBC) and blood glucose level were increased dramatically in the sumithion treated fish. The frequencies of erythrocytic cellular and nuclear alterations were significantly elevated in the fish after exposure to sumithion compared with the control group. The substantial histopathological alterations were observed in sumithion-exposed fish, including pyknotic nucleus, melano-macrophage centers and severe congestion of blood vessels in the liver and patch degeneration, vacuolation and intense form of pyknotic nuclei in the kidney. Observed alterations in this study exhibit that sumithion negatively impacts on Nile tilapia. It is recommended that the use of this pesticide in the agriculture field be monitored and controlled.