Mechanochemical and thermal succinylation of softwood sawdust in presence of deep eutectic solvent to produce lignin-containing wood nanofibers

In this study, the effect of the deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on triethylmethylammonium chloride and imidazole on the mechanochemical succinylation of sawdust was investigated. The sawdust was ball milled in the presence of succinic anhydride and the effects of different amounts of the DES on t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellulose (London) 2021-07, Vol.28 (11), p.6881-6898
Main Authors: Sirviö, Juho Antti, Isokoski, Erkki, Kantola, Anu M., Komulainen, Sanna, Ämmälä, Ari
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ball milling
Bioorganic Chemistry
Carboxylic acids
Cellulose fibers
Ceramics
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Composites
Disintegration
Emulsions
Glass
Heating
Imidazole
Mechanical properties
Nanofibers
Natural Materials
Organic Chemistry
Original Research
Particle size
Physical Chemistry
Polylactic acid
Polymer Sciences
Sawdust
Solvents
Sustainable Development
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Summary:In this study, the effect of the deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on triethylmethylammonium chloride and imidazole on the mechanochemical succinylation of sawdust was investigated. The sawdust was ball milled in the presence of succinic anhydride and the effects of different amounts of the DES on the carboxylic acid content and particle size were studied with and without post-heating. The carboxylic acid content significantly increased with the addition of the DES and by using 1.5 mass excess of the DES compared to sawdust; milled sawdust with 3.5 mmol/g of carboxylic acid groups was obtained using 60 min post-heating at 100 °C. The particle size was found to depend strongly on DES-to-wood ratio and a change in size-reduction characteristics was observed related to fiber saturation point. After mechanochemical milling, three succinylated sawdust samples with different carboxylic acid contents were disintegrated into wood nanofibers and self-standing films were produced. Although the mechanical properties of the films were lower than the cellulose nanofibers, they were higher or in line with oil- and biobased polymers such as polypropene and polylactic acid, respectively. Because of their amphiphilic nature, wood nanofibers were found to be effective stabilizers of water–oil emulsions.
ISSN:0969-0239
1572-882X
DOI:10.1007/s10570-021-03973-w