Bioactive compounds and antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of extracts of Curcuma longa

• Published in: Journal of food measurement & characterization 2021-08, Vol.15 (4), p.3752-3760
• Main Authors: Tonin, Lilian Tatiani Dusman, de Oliveira, Taila Fernanda Volpato, de Marco, Inara Giacobbo, Palioto, Graciana Freitas, Düsman, Elisângela
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anthocyanins; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial activity; Antimicrobial agents; Antioxidants; Aquatic plants; Ascorbic acid; Bioactive compounds; Biocompatibility; Biological activity; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chemistry/Food Science; Cytotoxicity; Dehydration; Drying; E coli; Engineering; Ethanol; Flavonoids; Food industry; Food Science; Free radicals; Hepatoma; Methanol; Original Paper; Pharmaceutical industry; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Rhizomes; Scavenging; Solvents; Toxicity
• ISSN: 2193-4126; 2193-4134
• DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00950-6

The search for bioactive compounds of natural origin has increased considerably, to obtain high efficiency on their extraction it is required to find ideal conditions to the processes. This work describes the influence of drying temperature and extractor solvent on the contents of bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of turmeric cultivated in Paraná, Brazil. The rhizomes were dehydrated at 40, 60 and 80 °C and the extracts prepared with Ethanol/Water and Methanol/Water 70:30 and 95:5 (v/v). The vitamin C content found was low for the three temperatures, there was no significant difference in the levels of yellow flavonoids and there was a decrease in the content of anthocyanins increasing the temperature up to 80 °C. It was identified an influence of drying temperature and extracting solvent on the total phenolic and flavonoids content. All extracts showed a potential DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging above 92%, except Ethanol/Water 70:30. By the ABTS (2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)) method, the best results were found for methanol/water 95:5 at 40 and 80 °C. The extracts ethanol/water 70:30/80 °C and 95:5/80 °C showed greater antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and ethanol/water 95:5/60 °C against Escherichia coli . The methanol/water 95:5/80 °C extract demonstrated cytotoxicity to the Rattus norvegicus hepatoma cells (HTC) at the highest concentration and the time of 48 h. The results suggest a potential application of turmeric extracts as a source of bioactive antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects for HTC cells, which is possibly extended for the food and/or pharmaceutical industries.