Natural gas consumption-economic output and environmental sustainability target in China: an N-shaped hypothesis inference

On one divide, energy types have been linked with the varying degree of environmental damage. Another perspective argued on the severity of the damaged base on per capita and/or population consumption pattern. As such, this study investigates the nexus of per capita natural gas consumption-carbon di...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2021-07, Vol.28 (28), p.37741-37753
Main Authors: Etokakpan, Mfonobong Udom, Akadiri, Seyi Saint, Alola, Andrew Adewale
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide emissions
Climate change
Consumption
Consumption patterns
Damage
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Emissions
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental degradation
Environmental Health
Environmental Kuznets curve
Environmental science
Global warming
Hypotheses
Natural gas
Per capita
Renewable energy
Research Article
Urban areas
Urban environments
Urbanization
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
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Summary:On one divide, energy types have been linked with the varying degree of environmental damage. Another perspective argued on the severity of the damaged base on per capita and/or population consumption pattern. As such, this study investigates the nexus of per capita natural gas consumption-carbon dioxide emissions and per capita income-carbon dioxide emissions in the case of the People of the Republic of China. This study objectively expanded to illustrate whether the N-shaped environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis holds in the case of China or not. The employed autoregressive distributed lag bound testing approach incorporated additional explanatory variables (urbanization) within the N-shaped EKC hypothesis over the period 1971–2018. Importantly, the results show an evidence of inverted N-shaped EKC relationship. In addition, the study posits a positive relationship between natural gas consumption and carbon dioxide emissions and between urbanization and carbon dioxide emissions. Thus, the study proposes renewable energy development and decongestion of the urban centers as a means of controlling global warming.
ISSN:0944-1344
1614-7499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-021-13329-3