Development of Portable Venturi Kiln for Agricultural Waste Utilization by Carbonization Process

Many types of kiln or carbonization equipment have been developed, but most of them were designed for big capacity and some also having low performance. This research aims to develop kiln, especially portable metal kiln, which has higher performance, more environmental- friendly, and can be used for...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IOP conference series. Earth and environmental science 2018-05, Vol.147 (1), p.12026
Main Authors: Agustina, S E, Chasanah, N, Eris, A P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural production
Agricultural wastes
Air intakes
Air supplies
Biomass
Carbonization
Charcoal
Design
Design modifications
Heat flow
Heat transmission
Kilns
Performance tests
Portability
Waste utilization
Yield
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Summary:Many types of kiln or carbonization equipment have been developed, but most of them were designed for big capacity and some also having low performance. This research aims to develop kiln, especially portable metal kiln, which has higher performance, more environmental- friendly, and can be used for several kinds of biomass or agricultural waste (not exclusive for one kind of biomass) as feeding material. To improve the kiln performance, a venturi drum type of portable kiln has been designed with an optimum capacity of 12.45 kg coconut shells. Basic idea of those design is heat flow improvement causing by venturi effect. The performance test for coconut shell carbonization shows that the carbonization process takes about 60-90 minutes to produce average yields of 23.8%., and the highest temperature of the process was 441 °C. The optimum performance has been achieved in the 4th test, which was producing 24% yield of highest charcoal quality (represented by LHV) in 65 minutes process at average temperature level 485 °C. For pecan shell and palm shell, design modification has been done by adding 6 air inlet holes and 3 ignition column to get better performance. While operation procedure should be modified on loading and air supply, depending on each biomass characteristic. The result of performance test showed that carbonization process of pecan shell produce 17 % yield, and palm shell produce 15% yield. Based on Indonesian Standard (SNI), all charcoal produced in those carbonization has good quality level.
ISSN:1755-1307
1755-1315
DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/147/1/012026