How Environmental Unpredictability and Harshness Affect Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Risk-Choice and Temporal Discounting Tasks

Animals need to adjust their decision-making strategies to the ecological challenges of their environment. Variation in ecological unpredictability and harshness thus seem to affect their decisions in the wild. In our study, we combine methods from human life history theory and previous comparative...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of comparative psychology (1983) 2021-05, Vol.135 (2), p.232-243
Main Authors: Sánchez-Amaro, Alejandro, Tan, Jingzhi, Kaufhold, Stephan P., Fernández-Navarro, Sofia, Rossano, Federico
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal
Chimpanzees
Decision Making
Delay Discounting
Female
Life Span
Male
Priming
Probability
Rewards
Risk assessment
Risk factors
Risk Taking
Sensory perception
Studies
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Summary:Animals need to adjust their decision-making strategies to the ecological challenges of their environment. Variation in ecological unpredictability and harshness thus seem to affect their decisions in the wild. In our study, we combine methods from human life history theory and previous comparative work with chimpanzees to investigate whether current variability in ecological factors such as reward unpredictability and harshness affect chimpanzees' decision-making strategies in two value-based scenarios. We presented chimpanzees with choices varying in the probability of obtaining food rewards (risk-choice task) and in their temporal availability (temporal discounting task). These scenarios were preceded by different sets of priming phases mimicking variability in resource unpredictability (predictable or unpredictable rewards) and harshness (abundant or scarce rewards). In addition, we implemented a social manipulation to explore whether variations in unpredictable gains and losses affected chimpanzees' performance in both tasks. We found that chimpanzees were only affected by the social manipulation in the risk-choice scenario. Specifically, after a period of constant food losses chimpanzees became less risk prone. We discuss how different types of negative experiences affect chimpanzees' decisions.
ISSN:0735-7036
1939-2087
DOI:10.1037/com0000261