Protein Characterization of Javan Cobra (Naja sputatrix) Venom Following Sun Exposure and Photo-Oxidation Treatment

Snake venom has always been known for its toxicity that can cause fatality, however, it is also one of the important biological resources to be used for disease treatment. In Indonesia, snake venom previously expose under the sun has been used for alternative treatment of some diseases such as dengu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IOP conference series. Earth and environmental science 2017-03, Vol.58 (1), p.12069
Main Authors: Sulistiyani, Biki, R S, Andrianto, D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acid oxidase
Amino acids
Arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
Dengue fever
Diabetes mellitus
Electrophoresis
Exposure
Fever
Gel electrophoresis
Health services
Medical treatment
Molecular weight
Naja sputatrix
Oxidation
Phospholipase A2
Photooxidation
Polyacrylamide
Proteins
Qualitative analysis
Snakes
Sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sodium lauryl sulfate
Spectrophotometry
Sun
Toxicity
Vector-borne diseases
Venom
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Summary:Snake venom has always been known for its toxicity that can cause fatality, however, it is also one of the important biological resources to be used for disease treatment. In Indonesia, snake venom previously expose under the sun has been used for alternative treatment of some diseases such as dengue fever, atherosclerosis, cancer, and diabetes. There has been very little scientific evidence on the use of snake venom of Indonesia origin as well as its protein characteristic. Thus, the objective of this research is to characterize the protein content and the specific activity of the venom of Javan Cobra (N.sputatrix) when treated with sun exposure in comparison with photo-oxidation by ultraviolet. Qualitative analysis of protein contents was determined using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE). The L-amino acid oxidase activity (LAAO) and the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activities were determined using spectrophotometry. The venom's protein was separated into 5 main protein bands with molecular weight ranging from 14 to 108 kDa. A time course study showed that the venom lost 91% of its LAAO activity and 96% of PLA2 activity after 6 hours of sun exposure. UV photo-oxidation carried out for 3 hours decreased 91% of LAAO activity, and almost diminished all of PLA2 activity (99.8%). These findings suggest that the exposure of N. sputatrix venom under the sun and UV photo-oxidation decreased its toxicity as shown by the significant reduction of the enzymes activity, but did not affect the protein's integrity. Therefore, these approaches produced N.sputatrix venom with less toxicity but still withheld other characters of intact proteins.
ISSN:1755-1307
1755-1315
DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/58/1/012069