Acute toxicity (LC50) of ammonia to carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) at different pH Levels

Mass death of carp fish in reservoirs and lakes in Indonesia is due to the up-welling phenomenon of ammonia generates from the decomposition of fish feed remaining in the bottom of the lakes/reservoirs by microbes. The formation of ammonia gas is very dependent on pH. Most of the ammonia gas is form...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IOP conference series. Earth and environmental science 2017-03, Vol.60 (1), p.12037
Main Authors: Ardeniswan, Dara, F, Sukmawati, F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute toxicity
Ammonia
Carp
Cyprinus carpio
Fish
Lakes
pH effects
Reservoirs
Toxicity
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Summary:Mass death of carp fish in reservoirs and lakes in Indonesia is due to the up-welling phenomenon of ammonia generates from the decomposition of fish feed remaining in the bottom of the lakes/reservoirs by microbes. The formation of ammonia gas is very dependent on pH. Most of the ammonia gas is formed form at the high pH value. Ammonia concentration can be determined with indophenol blue method using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Carp fish (Cyprinus carpio of 5-6 gr was exposed to the three concentration of ammonia. Acute toxicity (LC50) of ammonia (NH3) was tested on similar sizes (5-6 g) of carp fish was maintained at three different pH levels within range of 7-9 for 96-h. Results showed that the concentration of ammonia increased at higher pH. The 96-h LC50's for exposure to ammonia were 60% (NH3 1.85 ppm at pH 8), 100% (NH3 2.16 ppm at pH 9), and insignificant result at NH3 1.68 ppm with pH 7.
ISSN:1755-1307
1755-1315
DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/60/1/012037