CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS AMONG ADOLESCENTS FROM INDIGENOUS AREAS OF CHIAPAS

• Published in: Annals of nutrition and metabolism 2020-01, Vol.76, p.119
• Main Authors: Flores-Guillén, E, Ochoa-Díaz-López, H, Castro-Quezada, I, Núñez-Ortega, P E, Irecta-Nájera, C A, Cruz, M, Solís-Hernández, R, García-Miranda, R, Cruz, P Cruz
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescents; Blood pressure; Body mass index; Body size; Body weight; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Children; Childrens health; Cholesterol; Health promotion; Health risks; High density lipoprotein; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Lipids; Nutrition; Obesity; Overweight; Pediatrics; Public health; Risk analysis; Risk factors; Rural areas; Serum lipids; Studies; Teenagers; Triglycerides; Urban areas
• ISSN: 0250-6807; 1421-9697

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases is a world public health problem and at present are occurring at an earlier age. Children and adolescents at with risk of cardiovascular disease maintain this condition until adulthood. The prevalence of these factors in children is alarming. In Mexico, these diseases are the main cause of general mortality. Objectives: Determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents from indigenous areas of Chiapas. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, anthropometric, clinical and biochemical data were collected from 253 adolescents in Chiapas, Mexico. We estimated prevalences (95% CI) of alterations in: blood pressure, fasting glucose levels and serum lipids by stratifying the population according to z-score body mass index (z-score BMI) ≤ 1 z normal and ≥ 1z overweight/obesity Results: The 28.9% of adolescents were overweight/obese. High prevalence of low HDL cholesterol (54.8%) and high triglycerides (47.9%) was identified in overweight/obese adolescents. Low levels of HDL cholesterol were found in 48.9% of normal-weight adolescents. In urban areas, we found greater prevalences of overweight/obesity and of insulin resistance, while abnormal blood pressure levels were more prevalent in rural areas. Conclusions: The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors was high in adolescents who are overweight or obese. The sample comes from regions with low human development index and high marginalization, so it is a priority to promote healthy lifestyles in this population to prevent cardiovascular disease in adulthood.