Leaf application of 24‐epibrassinolide mitigates cadmium toxicity in young Eucalyptus urophylla plants by modulating leaf anatomy and gas exchange

Cadmium (Cd2+) soil pollution is a global environmental problem caused by the high toxicity of Cd. 24‐Epibrassinolide (EBR) is a biodegradable plant steroid involved in response modulation to biotic and abiotic stresses. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the leaf‐application of EBR improves t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physiologia plantarum 2021-09, Vol.173 (1), p.67-87, Article ppl.13182
Main Authors: Silva Cunha, Luiz Felipe, Oliveira, Victor Pereira, Nascimento, Antonio Wellinton Silva, Silva, Breno Ricardo Serrão, Batista, Bruno Lemos, Alsahli, Abdulaziz Abdullah, Lobato, Allan Klynger da Silva
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anatomy
Biodegradability
Biodegradation
Cadmium
Carboxylation
Electron transport
Eucalyptus
Eucalyptus urophylla
Gas exchange
Leaves
Parameters
Parenchyma
Photochemistry
Photosynthesis
Photosynthetic apparatus
Photosystem II
Plants
Soil pollution
Steroids
Stomata
Toxicity
Transport rate
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Summary:Cadmium (Cd2+) soil pollution is a global environmental problem caused by the high toxicity of Cd. 24‐Epibrassinolide (EBR) is a biodegradable plant steroid involved in response modulation to biotic and abiotic stresses. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the leaf‐application of EBR improves the gas exchange and possible repercussions on leaf anatomy in young Eucalyptus urophylla plants exposed to Cd toxicity. The experiment involved six treatments, which included three Cd concentrations (0, 450, and 900 μM) and two EBR concentrations (0 and 100 nM, described as – EBR and + EBR, respectively). Plants exposed to Cd toxicity suffered decreases in leaf anatomical and gas exchange parameters. However, the plants treated with EBR + 900 μM Cd showed an increase of 46%, 40%, and 54% in the net photosynthetic rate, water‐use efficiency, and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, respectively. The EBR application‐induced improvements in gas exchange parameters, causing beneficial effects on the photosynthetic apparatus, mainly the effective quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry and electron transport rate. Furthermore, this steroid mitigated the effect of Cd toxicity on leaf anatomical variables, more specifically palisade and spongy parenchyma, which are intrinsically related to stomatal density, and stimulated the net photosynthetic rate of plants.
ISSN:0031-9317
1399-3054
DOI:10.1111/ppl.13182