Implementation and Optimization of the PTOLEMY Transverse Drift Electromagnetic Filter

The PTOLEMY transverse drift filter is a new concept to enable precision analysis of the energy spectrum of electrons near the tritium beta-decay endpoint. This paper details the implementation and optimization methods for successful operation of the filter. We present the first demonstrator that pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:arXiv.org 2022-01
Main Authors: Apponi, A, Betti, M G, Borghesi, M, Boscá, A, Calle, F, Canci, N, Cavoto, G, Chang, C, Chung, W, Cocco, A G, Colijn, A P, D'Ambrosio, N, de Groot, N, Faverzani, M, Ferella, A, Ferri, E, Ficcadenti, L, Garcia-Abia, P, G Garcia Gomez-Tejedor, Gariazzo, S, Gatti, F, Gentile, C, Giachero, A, Hochberg, Y, Kahn, Y, Kievsky, A, Lisanti, M, Mangano, G, Marcucci, L E, Mariani, C, Martínez, J, Messina, M, Monticone, E, Nucciotti, A, Orlandi, D, Pandolfi, F, Parlati, S, Pedrós, J, C Pérez de los Heros, Pisanti, O, Polosa, A D, Puiu, A, Rago, I, Raitses, Y, Rajteri, M, Rossi, N, Rozwadowska, K, Rucandio, I, Ruocco, A, Santorelli, R, Strid, C F, Tan, A, Tully, C G, Viviani, M, Zeitler, U, Zhao, F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adiabatic conditions
Cyclotrons
Drift
Electron transport
Magnetic fields
Optimization
Pitch (inclination)
Tritium
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Summary:The PTOLEMY transverse drift filter is a new concept to enable precision analysis of the energy spectrum of electrons near the tritium beta-decay endpoint. This paper details the implementation and optimization methods for successful operation of the filter. We present the first demonstrator that produces the required magnetic field properties with an iron return-flux magnet. Two methods for the setting of filter electrode voltages are detailed. The challenges of low-energy electron transport in cases of low field are discussed, such as the growth of the cyclotron radius with decreasing magnetic field, which puts a ceiling on filter performance relative to fixed filter dimensions. Additionally, low pitch angle trajectories are dominated by motion parallel to the magnetic field lines and introduce non-adiabatic conditions and curvature drift. To minimize these effects and maximize electron acceptance into the filter, we present a three-potential-well design to simultaneously drain the parallel and transverse kinetic energies throughout the length of the filter. These optimizations are shown, in simulation, to achieve low-energy electron transport from a 1 T iron core (or 3 T superconducting) starting field with initial kinetic energy of 18.6 keV drained to
ISSN:2331-8422
DOI:10.48550/arxiv.2108.10388