Protective effects of oral melatonin against cadmium-induced neurotoxicity in Wistar rats

• Published in: Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju 2021-06, Vol.72 (2), p.157-163
• Main Authors: Kısadere, İhsan, Aydın, Mehmet Faruk, Usta, Mustafa, Donmez, Nurcan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acclimatization; Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer's disease; Animals; Antioxidants; Brain research; Cadmium; Catalase; Cytokines; Design of experiments; Experimental design; Exposure; Food plants; Glutathione; Hippocampus; Histopathology; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 6; Interleukins; Investigations; Malondialdehyde; Melatonin; Metal industry; Nervous system; Neurotoxicity; Occupational exposure; Occupational health; Oxidative stress; Parameters; Parkinson's disease; Rodents; Sediment pollution; Soil contamination; Soil water; Superoxide dismutase; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Tumors; γ-Aminobutyric acid
• ISSN: 0004-1254; 1848-6312
• DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3513

[Received in December 2020; Similarity Check in December 2020; Accepted in June 2021] The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of oral melatonin on oxidative/antioxidative parameters and histopathological changes in the hippocampal tissue of Cd-exposed Wistar rats, including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin (IL-6 and IL-10), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels and catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities. KLJUČNE RIJEČI: acetilkolinesteraza; antioksidansi; CAT; Cd; citokini; GABA; GSH; hipokampus; IL-6; The main sources of occupational exposure to cadmium (Cd) are metal industries (mining, smelting, processing, product formulations, and battery manufacturing), while the sources of non-occupational exposure include contaminated air (smoking included), water, soil, plants, and food. To that effect the aim of our study was to compare common oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurotoxicity parameters [malondialdehyde (MDA) (25), interleukins 6 and 10 (IL-6, IL-10), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) (9, 26-28), GABA (29-36), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (17, 37, 38)] and antioxidant defence parameters [glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) (39)] in the hippocampal tissue of control, Cd-, and melatonintreated rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals and experimental design Three weeks old male albino Wistar rats weighing ~200±30 g (n=32), purchased from Balıkesir University Experimental Medicine Research and Application Center (BUEMRAC), were first acclimatised to laboratory conditions for two weeks and then divided randomly into four groups: untreated control, cadmium (Cd), melatonin (Mlt), and Cd+Mlt (CdMlt), each consisting of eight animals.