Mastery and Belonging or Inspiration Porn and Bullying: Special Populations in Youth Sport

• Published in: Kinesiology review (Champaign, Ill.) Ill.), 2019-08, Vol.8 (3), p.195-203
• Main Author: Martin, Jeffrey J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bullying; Exercise
• ISSN: 2163-0453; 2161-6035
• DOI: 10.1123/kr.2019-0013

This paper examines the factors that make up a high-quality youth-sport experience for special-population children. It is important to note that special-population youth are often very similar to nondisabled children (e.g., seeking enjoyment in sport), but they experience different contexts and socialization experiences such as fewer opportunities and more barriers to sport participation. The author first examines positive factors in the youth-sport experience and discusses mastery experiences and the generation of positive affect. He also discusses how sport can promote feelings of belongingness, freedom, and independence. In the second part of the paper he discusses how the youth-sport experience can contribute to a negative experience by examining bullying and teasing, as well as “inspiration porn.” Inspiration porn is a relatively new concept in the disability literature that has not been discussed in a sport context. The author proposes a five-component model that links anecdotal reports of inspiration porn to theory, thus providing a basis for future research on inspiration porn. Throughout the paper he examines research in each area, theories used, important findings, salient take-home points, and future research directions and imbues the paper in a disability social-relational model that asserts that individual, social, environmental, and cultural factors all play a role as proximal and distal influences in the sport experiences of special-population youth.