Epidemiological profile of brain tumors in Cameroon: a retrospective study

BackgroundBrain tumors represent group of neoplasms originating from intracranial tissues and the meninges. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of brain tumors seen in a referral health center in Cameroon. We carried out a 10-year retrospective study in the neurosurgic...

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Published in:The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery Psychiatry and Neurosurgery, 2021-09, Vol.57 (1), p.1-5
Main Authors: Motah Mathieu, Gams Massi Daniel, Fouda Bekolo Fabien, Nkemontoh, Akweseh Nju, Ndoumbe Aurélien, Moumi Mireille, Sango, Anne, Shu, Paul, Eyenga Victor
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Astrocytoma
Biopsy
Brain cancer
Brain research
Brain tumors
Cameroon
Data collection
Epidemiology
Females
Gender
Hospitals
Males
Meningioma
Metastasis
Neurology
Patients
Pituitary adenoma
Psychiatry
Radiation therapy
Tumors
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Summary:BackgroundBrain tumors represent group of neoplasms originating from intracranial tissues and the meninges. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of brain tumors seen in a referral health center in Cameroon. We carried out a 10-year retrospective study in the neurosurgical, neurology, pathology, oncology and radiotherapy units of our hospital.ResultsWe found 150 complete case files accounting for 0.7% of total admissions in the various units. Males accounted for 50.7% of the cases. Children less than 14 years represented 12.7% of cases (n = 19). Primary brain tumors constituted 92% (n = 138). Most patients with primary brain tumors were between 25 and 54 years of age, making up 57% of cases (n = 79). The most prevalent histological type of brain tumor was meningioma (26%, n = 39), followed by astrocytoma (24.7%, n = 37), and pituitary adenomas (18%, n = 27). The majority of cases presented with signs of raised intracranial pressure with headache being the most frequent symptom (88%). Some patients presented with seizures (34%), neurological deficit (13%), visual disturbances (10%), and cognitive disorders (7%).ConclusionYoung adults represent the most affected age group. Meningioma, astrocytoma and pituitary adenomas were the most frequent brain tumors in adults. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term outcome of patients with BTs.
ISSN:1110-1083
1687-8329
DOI:10.1186/s41983-021-00381-6