Design Optimization of Wearable Multiband Antenna Using Evolutionary Algorithm Tuned with Dipole Benchmark Problem

• Published in: Electronics (Basel) 2021-09, Vol.10 (18), p.2249
• Main Authors: Januszkiewicz, Łukasz, Barba, Paolo Di, Kawecki, Jarosław
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antenna design; Antennas; Benchmarks; Data transmission; Design optimization; Dipole antennas; Electric properties; Evolutionary algorithms; Finite difference time domain method; Genetic algorithms; Numerical analysis; Optimization algorithms; Radiation; Time domain analysis; Voltage standing wave ratios; Wearable technology; Wireless communications
• ISSN: 2079-9292; 2079-9292
• DOI: 10.3390/electronics10182249

In this paper we present the optimal design of wearable four band antenna that is suitable to work in the fifth-generation wireless systems as well as in cellular systems and in unlicensed bands. The design of the antenna relies on a careful study of optimization algorithms that are suitable for antenna design. We have proposed a benchmark problem to compare different optimization algorithms. It is the space of voltage standing wave ratio and the gain of dipole antenna that was identified for wide range of dipole length and radius. Using this pre-calculated data, we have tuned the parameters of optimization routine for optimal performance with our benchmark. After this, we optimized the geometry of four-band wearable antenna. In the optimization process, we used finite-difference time-domain method together with simplified model of human body. The antenna design was assessed with a fabricated prototype.