Permeable Pavement Hydraulic Conductivity Indices for Rainfall-Runoff and Particulate Matter Loadings

AbstractPermeable pavement (PP) can be a primary source-area component of a sustainable drainage system. PP facilitates runoff reduction and particulate matter (PM) separation. PM separated by the PP surface reduces hydraulic conductivity (K) and influences PP functionality and maintenance. Pragmati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of environmental engineering (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2021-12, Vol.147 (12)
Main Authors: Marchioni, Mariana, Raimondi, Anita, Andrés-Valeri, Valerio C, Becciu, Gianfranco, Sansalone, John
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adjuvants
Drainage systems
Driving head
Hydraulic conductivity
Hydraulic gradient
Hydraulics
Loads (forces)
Lumping
Maintenance
Parameters
Particulate emissions
Particulate matter
Pavements
Permeability
Porosity
Production methods
Rainfall
Rainfall-runoff relationships
Reduction
Runoff
Runoff coefficient
Slopes
Technical Papers
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Summary:AbstractPermeable pavement (PP) can be a primary source-area component of a sustainable drainage system. PP facilitates runoff reduction and particulate matter (PM) separation. PM separated by the PP surface reduces hydraulic conductivity (K) and influences PP functionality and maintenance. Pragmatic and reproducible methods are necessary to identify K reduction and maintenance. Because K is the proportionality constant between specific discharge and hydraulic gradient (Darcy’s law), disparate test methods and conditions produce disparate K results. Consequently, evaluations based solely on K can lack guidance when the goal is runoff reduction. Herein, PP response is examined based on K, outflow time (OT) through the PP across a fixed driving head range, and volumetric runoff coefficient (C). The PP test matrix parameters are (1) total porosity from 0.15 to 0.25, (2) rainfall loading from 0 to 150  mm/h, (3) PM aerial loads from 0.5 to 2.0  kg/m2 as a silty-sand schmutzdecke, (4) slopes from 2.5% to 7.0%, and (5) PP maintenance. Results demonstrate (1) higher PM aerial loads increase OT (K decreases), (2) higher total porosity decreases OT (K increases), and (3) higher rain rates inconsistently produce lower OT compared with the no-rainfall control at higher PM aerial loads. For all tests (N=285) with C measurements, lumping all other parameters, the mean C is 0.07, the standard deviation is 0.11, and the maximum is 0.67. These C results are significantly lower than impervious pavements. As the PP slopes and PM aerial loads increased, C increased and K decreased but with no clear trend between K and C. For tests where K
ISSN:0733-9372
1943-7870
DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001937