Simple and Effective GNSS Spatial Processing Using a Low-Cost Compact Antenna Array

A compact planar four-element antenna array that can be used to improve the robustness and accuracy in applications of satellite-based navigation systems that require simple, low-cost, lightweight, and efficient antenna solutions is proposed in this article.By introducing an orthonormal transformati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems 2021-10, Vol.57 (5), p.3479-3491
Main Authors: Marranghelli, Ezequiel A., La Valle, Ramon Lopez, Roncagliolo, Pedro A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
<named-content xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" content-type="math" xlink:type="simple"> <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> in situ</tex-math> </inline-formula> </named-content> radiation patterns (RPs)
Algorithms
Antenna arrays
Antenna radiation patterns
Antennas
Array signal processing
Compact antenna array
Correlation
Decoupling
Digital signal processing
Direction of arrival
Global navigation satellite system
global navigation satellite system (GNSS)
Low cost
Microstrip antenna arrays
Microstrip antennas
Navigation systems
orthonormal transformation
Phased arrays
Robustness (mathematics)
spatial processing
Transmission line matrix methods
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Summary:A compact planar four-element antenna array that can be used to improve the robustness and accuracy in applications of satellite-based navigation systems that require simple, low-cost, lightweight, and efficient antenna solutions is proposed in this article.By introducing an orthonormal transformation in the digital signal processing stage, it is possible to simplify the effect of the distorted in situ antenna radiation patterns obtaining an equivalent almost ideal phased array response. The actual prototype designed under this concept is a 14\,cm \,\times 14\, cm single-layer microstrip antenna array for the GNSS L1/E1-bands that achieves a good total antenna efficiency without employing any additional matching/decoupling stage. Promising results obtained through numerical simulations and on-field experiments showing effective direction of arrival estimations and mitigation of radio frequency interferences with simple spatial processing algorithms applied after the proposed signal transformation are presented.
ISSN:0018-9251
1557-9603
DOI:10.1109/TAES.2021.3082669