Contributors to linkage between Arctic warming and East Asian winter climate

Previous modelling and observational studies have shown discrepancies in the interannual relationship of winter surface air temperature (SAT) between Arctic and East Asia, stimulating the debate about whether Arctic change can influence midlatitude climate. This study uses two sets of coordinated ex...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Climate dynamics 2021-11, Vol.57 (9-10), p.2543-2555
Main Authors: Xu, Xinping, He, Shengping, Gao, Yongqi, Zhou, Botao, Wang, Huijun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air temperature
Atmospheric circulation
Atmospheric circulation models
Atmospheric General Circulation Models
Climate
Climate change
Climate models
Climatology
Daily
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Environmental aspects
General circulation models
Geophysics/Geodesy
Ice melting
Initial conditions
Observational studies
Oceanography
Planetary waves
Rossby waves
Sea ice
Sea surface
Sea surface temperature
Surface temperature
Surface-air temperature relationships
Temperature
Troposphere
Upper troposphere
Wave packets
Wave propagation
Wave trains
Winter
Winter climates
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Summary:Previous modelling and observational studies have shown discrepancies in the interannual relationship of winter surface air temperature (SAT) between Arctic and East Asia, stimulating the debate about whether Arctic change can influence midlatitude climate. This study uses two sets of coordinated experiments (EXP1 and EXP2) from six different atmospheric general circulation models. Both EXP1 and EXP2 consist of 130 ensemble members, each of which in EXP1 (EXP2) was forced by the same observed daily varying sea ice and daily varying (daily climatological) sea surface temperature (SST) for 1982–2014 but with different atmospheric initial conditions. Large spread exists among ensemble members in simulating the Arctic–East Asian SAT relationship. Only a fraction of ensemble members can reproduce the observed deep Arctic warming–cold continent pattern which extends from surface to upper troposphere, implying the important role of atmospheric internal variability. The mechanisms of deep Arctic warming and shallow Arctic warming are further distinguished. Arctic warming aloft is caused primarily by poleward moisture transport, which in conjunction with the surface warming coupled with sea ice melting constitutes the surface-amplified deep Arctic warming throughout the troposphere. These processes associated with the deep Arctic warming may be related to the forcing of remote SST when there is favorable atmospheric circulation such as Rossby wave train propagating from the North Atlantic into the Arctic.
ISSN:0930-7575
1432-0894
DOI:10.1007/s00382-021-05820-x