MPEG and DA-AD Resilient DCT-Based Video Watermarking Using Adaptive Frame Selection

We present a robust video watermarking scheme and report the detailed robustness of the video watermarking assessed based on standard criteria obtained from Information Hiding and its Criteria (IHC) Committee. Using discrete cosine transform domain spread-spectrum watermarking, our system achieves r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Electronics (Basel) 2021-10, Vol.10 (20), p.2467
Main Author: Hou, Jong-Uk
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Authorship
Codec
Conversion
Copyright
Criteria
Digital rights management
Digital to analog conversion
Digital watermarks
Discrete cosine transform
Editing
Image processing
MPEG encoders
Multimedia
Noise
Performance evaluation
Robustness
Video compression
Visibility
Watermarking
Wavelet transforms
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Summary:We present a robust video watermarking scheme and report the detailed robustness of the video watermarking assessed based on standard criteria obtained from Information Hiding and its Criteria (IHC) Committee. Using discrete cosine transform domain spread-spectrum watermarking, our system achieves robustness under various non-hostile video processing techniques, including MPEG compression and digital/analog–analog/digital (DA-AD) conversion. The proposed system ensures that a 16-bit embedded sequence can be extracted through adaptive frame selection in any 15-s interval, even with a long video clip. To evaluate the performance of the proposed watermarking scheme, we conducted robustness tests under a DA-AD conversion environment, based on the MPEG-4 part 10 (H.264) codec. The experiment results obtained indicate that, in addition to being robust against non-hostile video processes, the proposed method achieves invisibility. The assessment of the developed watermarking scheme also satisfies the third edition of the IHC video watermarking evaluation criteria.
ISSN:2079-9292
2079-9292
DOI:10.3390/electronics10202467