His-Rich Peptides, Gly- and His-Rich Peptides: Functionally Versatile Compounds with Potential Multi-Purpose Applications

Peptides continue to arouse an impressive deal of interest in different areas of modern life. In the last decades, special emphasis was placed on peptides capable of killing pathogenic microorganisms, penetrating cells, and/or coordinating essential or toxic metals because these properties are highl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of peptide research and therapeutics 2021-12, Vol.27 (4), p.2945-2963
Main Authors: Nunes, Luiz G. P., Reichert, Thais, Machini, M. Teresa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal Anatomy
Antibiotics
Antimicrobial agents
Antimicrobial peptides
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cosmetics
Drug development
Environmental protection
Food industry
Glycine
Histidine
Histology
Life Sciences
Metals
Molecular Medicine
Morphology
Peptides
Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Polymer Sciences
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Summary:Peptides continue to arouse an impressive deal of interest in different areas of modern life. In the last decades, special emphasis was placed on peptides capable of killing pathogenic microorganisms, penetrating cells, and/or coordinating essential or toxic metals because these properties are highly sought after in human health challenges. Besides, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) and metal-chelating peptides (MCPs) are attractive targets for research and leading compounds for the development of improved analogues, prodrugs and peptide mimetic drugs. This article was aimed to draw attention to histidine-rich peptides (HRPs) and to glycine- and histidine-rich peptides (GHRPs) as they fit perfectly such profiles. In order to make the text readily understandable, we started with facts of microbial infections and antibiotics followed by the fundamentals of AMPs. Then, we recalled the urgent need for cellular delivery vehicles, summarized basic concepts of CPPs and exemplified AMPs with CPP activity, including GRPs ( glycine-rich peptides ). Finally, we focused on HRPs and GHRPs, discussing their sources, structures, abilities to act as AMPs and/or CPPs and/or MCPs, potencial to act as therapeutical drugs, advantages and limitations of use. This noteworthy collection of information allowed us to reinforce the functional versatility of HRPs and GHRPs, their scientific prominence and potential applications in human health, veterinary, animal food industry, cosmetics, agriculture, forestry, gardening and environmental protection activities.
ISSN:1573-3149
1573-3904
DOI:10.1007/s10989-021-10302-z