Microhardness Indentation Studies of 2‐4‐6 Trinitrotoluene

The microhardness of the {001} faces of 2‐4‐6 trinitrotoluene crystals has been investigated using both Vickers and Knoop indentation methods. The Vickers hardness number was found to be 22.5 kg mm−2 independent of crystal orientation and perfection. At ambient temperatures (∼20 °C) the Knoop hardne...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics explosives, pyrotechnics, 2021-11, Vol.46 (11), p.1733-1739
Main Authors: Gallagher, Hugh G., Sherwood, John N., Vrcelj, Ranko M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anisotropy
Crystal lattices
Crystal structure
Deformation mechanisms
Diamond pyramid hardness
Indentation
Knoop hardness
Mechanical properties
Microhardness
TNT
Trinitrotoluene
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Summary:The microhardness of the {001} faces of 2‐4‐6 trinitrotoluene crystals has been investigated using both Vickers and Knoop indentation methods. The Vickers hardness number was found to be 22.5 kg mm−2 independent of crystal orientation and perfection. At ambient temperatures (∼20 °C) the Knoop hardness number varied between 20.5 kg mm−2 and 24.0 kg mm−2 with crystal orientation. At higher temperature (50 °C) the Knoop hardness anisotropy curve retained its shape, although the overall hardness decreased by 10 %. We interpret this change as reflecting a simple temperature dependant loosening of the crystal lattice rather than any change in deformation mechanism. No variation of Knoop hardness was evident with changing load. The hard direction was [010] and the soft [100]. The dominant operative slip system was defined to be {001}[010].
ISSN:0721-3115
1521-4087
DOI:10.1002/prep.202100132