Removal of Fe(III), Cd(II), and Zn(II) as Hydroxides by Precipitation–Flotation System

In this paper, a combined precipitation–flotation system is proposed for the removal of Fe(III), Zn(II), and Cd(II) as hydroxides. The efficiency of precipitation, as a function of pH, metal ion concentration, and dosage of the precipitating agent as the main variables, was evaluated. The results sh...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sustainability 2021-11, Vol.13 (21), p.11913
Main Authors: Zapién Serrano, Leonor, Ortiz Lara, Noemí, Ríos Vera, Rafael, Cholico-González, Diana
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acid mine drainage
Cadmium
Chemical precipitation
Dodecylamine
Efficiency
Environmental impact
Flotation
Hydroxides
Ion concentration
Iron
Metal concentrations
Metal ions
Micelles
Mine drainage
Mining industry
Particle size
Precipitates
Reagents
Sedimentation
Sedimentation & deposition
Sodium sulfate
Sulfates
X-ray diffraction
Zinc
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Summary:In this paper, a combined precipitation–flotation system is proposed for the removal of Fe(III), Zn(II), and Cd(II) as hydroxides. The efficiency of precipitation, as a function of pH, metal ion concentration, and dosage of the precipitating agent as the main variables, was evaluated. The results showed that 99% efficiency was attained from a mixture solution containing the three metal ions in sulfate media at pH 10.3 after 15 min of treatment. The sedimentation behavior showed that a larger precipitate facilitated solid/liquid separation at 30 min. The characterization of precipitates was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) identifying iron, zinc, and cadmium oxides; hydroxides; and sodium sulfate. For the flotation, a 20 mg/L solution of dodecylamine (DDA) was used as a collector. Such a solution allowed for the removal of 76% of precipitates in concentrate. An increase in the collector concentration diminished the float percentage due to the micelle formation and low adsorption of the collector on the surface of the precipitate. The results provide evidence of the effectivity of the removal of metal ions by the combined precipitation–flotation system as an alternative for the treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD) in less time in comparison with a sedimentation stage.
ISSN:2071-1050
2071-1050
DOI:10.3390/su132111913