NUMERICAL DAMAGE ASSESSMENT IN SARAYA EL-ADL CITADEL, CAIRO, EGYPT DUE TO OCTOBER 12, 1992 DAHSHUOR EARTHQUAKE

• Published in: International journal of conservation science 2021-07, Vol.12 (3), p.987-1002
• Main Authors: Hemeda, Sayed, Maged, Mario, Makram, Nourhan, Hosny, Nourhan, Sayed, Hader
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Construction; Cost analysis; Cultural heritage; Damage assessment; Damage prevention; Durability; Earthquake damage; Earthquakes; Elastic analysis; Evaluation; Failure; Historic buildings & sites; Historical structures; Masonry; Mathematical models; Monuments; Numerical models; Parametric analysis; Restoration; Retrofitting; Seismic activity; Seismic analysis; Seismic engineering; Seismic hazard; Seismic response; Seismic surveys; Soil structure; Structural analysis
• ISSN: 2067-533X; 2067-8223

Although numerical damage assessment modeling uses simplified schemes of reality, it can explain general phenomena, and give, in conjunction with Subjective interpretation based on personal experience, a reliable safe evaluation and useful guidance for restoration and strengthening criteria. Another of the greatest values of numerical modelling is the possibility of carrying out parametric analysis of the benefit of remedial measures to find a cost effective, yet adequate, retrofit to assure material durability and damage prevention related to the artistic value of the monument. The masonry structure of Sarayael-Adl were classified as hasing been severely damaged by the Dahshuor 1992 earthquake. Most unsuccessful restoration efforts apparently focused on cosmetic treatments; engineering studies of these monuments, especially analysis of earthquake response, apparently were not undertaken. The objective of this paper is the investigation of the behavior of historic masonry structures of Saraya el-Adl subjected to seismic forces and stresses and the formulation of numerical models for use in structural analysis. The case study presented herein regards the static and seismic analysis of Saraya El-Adl (1813 AC) in Cairo Egypt, (damaged by the earthquakes occurred in October 1992). Firstly, we collected all data regarding the site, the geometry of the masonry structure, the characteristics of materials of construction, the structure and the soil medium, etc. The proposed Model is applied to the analysis of the Saraya El-Adl in Cairo. A non-linear model is developed, aiming to capturing the key in elastic mechanisms. The analytical model is implemented in the finite element code Autodesk® Robot™ Structural Analysis Professional and validated against experimental results. The results obtained suggest that for such structures non-linear static analysis provides a reasonable prediction of damage at the base of the Saraya el-Adl, but is not however suitable for predicting the overall damage along the Saraya's entire height. The conclusive aim of the project is then to develop guidelines for the evaluation of the static and seismic vulnerability of historic masonry structures. Ultimately, the analysis presents the optimal structural interventions to remedy the existing damage, also to prevent the formation of the same mechanisms under the action of future earthquake.