Detailed examination of domain wall types, their widths and critical diameters in cylindrical magnetic nanowires

•A phase diagram determining domain walls in cylindrical nanowires is presented.•A large region of co-existence of the Bloch point with other domain walls is shown.•The vortex/antivortex is the most probable domain wall rather than the Bloch point.•An expression delimiting the domain walls in cylind...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials 2022-01, Vol.542, p.168495, Article 168495
Main Authors: Moreno, R., Carvalho-Santos, V.L., Altbir, D., Chubykalo-Fesenko, O.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Design of experiments
Domain wall
Domain walls
Magnetic properties
Magnetization
Nanowires
State (computer science)
Vortices
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Summary:•A phase diagram determining domain walls in cylindrical nanowires is presented.•A large region of co-existence of the Bloch point with other domain walls is shown.•The vortex/antivortex is the most probable domain wall rather than the Bloch point.•An expression delimiting the domain walls in cylindrical nanowires is shown. Understanding and mastering the magnetic properties of domain walls in cylindrical nanowires is a fundamental pillar for developing novel 3D information technologies. For this purpose, a good comprehension of domain wall (DW) dynamical properties, which are strongly dependent on its type and size, is needed. In this work, by means of micromagnetic simulations, we focus on the accurate determination of DW types (transverse, vortex-antivortex, and the Bloch point) and DW widths and present a state diagram as a function of the diameter and the nanowire material. Using different initial states and trajectories we find a large region of metastability where the Bloch-point domain wall co-exists with either transverse or a more energetical vortex-antivortex one. We determine the domain wall width and its dependence on the nanowire diameter either for the transverse or the vortex-antivortex domain wall showing that it is always larger than the nanowire diameter. We also find simple expressions for the DW widths and the critical diameter for the transition between different DW types which agree well with direct simulations. Our results are useful for the experimental design of cylindrical nanowires for multiple applications.
ISSN:0304-8853
1873-4766
DOI:10.1016/j.jmmm.2021.168495