Studying Onset and Evolution of Agricultural Drought in Mekong River Basin through Hydrologic Modeling

Departures in precipitation from the normal are the cause of the onset of agricultural drought. In this study, we aim to identify extreme precipitation deficits using an index called Percent Normal (PN). We applied the proposed PN index to the agriculturally productive Mekong River Basin (MRB) to ev...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water (Basel) 2021-12, Vol.13 (24), p.3622
Main Authors: Palanisamy, Bakkiyalakshmi, Narasimhan, Balaji, Paul, Sabu, Srinivasan, Raghavan, Wangpimool, Winai, Lim, Sopheap, Sayasane, Rattykone
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural drought
Agricultural production
Agriculture
Anomalies
Drought
Drought index
Estimates
Evapotranspiration
Hydrologic cycle
Hydrologic models
Hydrology
Irrigation
Moisture content
Precipitation
Rain
River basins
Rivers
Seasons
Soil moisture
Soil water
Stream flow
Water shortages
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Summary:Departures in precipitation from the normal are the cause of the onset of agricultural drought. In this study, we aim to identify extreme precipitation deficits using an index called Percent Normal (PN). We applied the proposed PN index to the agriculturally productive Mekong River Basin (MRB) to evaluate the propagation of precipitation deficits into agricultural drought based on the change in slope and mean of the precipitation, soil moisture and evapotranspiration anomalies. The results of the study showed the proposed PN index identified historical droughts in the years 1992, 1997–1998 and 2000–2006 in MRB; of these, 1992 was shown to be the longest drought, which lasted from the 43rd week (October) of 1991 to the 49th week (December) of 1994. The short-term but extreme drought was identified to occur in 2005 with below-normal precipitation that lasted for more than a year. An immediate effect of precipitation deficit was observed in evapotranspiration (ET) and soil water for agricultural (Thailand) and forested regions (Parts of Cambodia) of the basin with
ISSN:2073-4441
2073-4441
DOI:10.3390/w13243622