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VLF radio signal anomaly associated with geomagnetic storm followed by an earthquake at a subtropical low latitude station in northeastern part of India
This paper presents a case study of very low frequency (VLF) radio signal anomaly during a moderate geomagnetic storm (Kp = 6, Ap = 80 and Dst = − 60 nT) on September 10, 2018 followed by a moderate earthquake ( M = 5.3) on September 12, 2018 which occurred near to (~ 80 km) a subtropical low latit...
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| Published in: | Indian journal of physics 2022, Vol.96 (1), p.13-24 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Language: | English |
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| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-856980e4b6e2795724e6585ff38aa7df94dac19ecfd4098f48b47aa006292bc63 |
| container_end_page | 24 |
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | 13 |
| container_title | Indian journal of physics |
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| creator | Das, Bakul Sen, Arnab Haldar, Prabir K. Pal, Sujay |
| description | This paper presents a case study of very low frequency (VLF) radio signal anomaly during a moderate geomagnetic storm (Kp = 6, Ap = 80 and Dst = − 60 nT) on September 10, 2018 followed by a moderate earthquake (
M
= 5.3) on September 12, 2018 which occurred near to (~ 80 km) a subtropical low latitude station Cooch Behar (CHB), India (26.345
°
N, 89.448
°
E). Signal amplitudes from the two transmitters, VTX (18.2 kHz) and NWC (19.8 kHz), are analyzed for this study. Seven VLF parameters, such as nighttime amplitude fluctuation (dA
n
), amplitude difference between pre-sunrise signal and sunrise minimum signal (dA
m
), amplitude difference between sunset minimum signal and post-sunset signal (dA
e
), time (
T
m
) and amplitude (
A
m
) during sunrise minimum, time (
T
e
) and amplitude (
A
e
) during sunset minimum have been examined. Anomalous behaviors of all the parameters have been observed during September 10–12, 2018. D-region electron density is estimated using the long wave propagation capability code which revealed a maximum increment of ~ 20 electron/cm
3
at altitude 85 km over the VTX-CHB path ~ 2 days before the earthquake event. The anomalous behaviors of the VLF signals ~ 1–2 days before the earthquake are identified as possible precursor of the earthquake which could be linked with various pre-earthquake seismo-electromagnetic processes. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12648-020-01966-2 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2618244397</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2618244397</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-856980e4b6e2795724e6585ff38aa7df94dac19ecfd4098f48b47aa006292bc63</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kc9KJDEQxoO4sDq7L7CnAs-tSTqdTo4i_oMBL-5eQ3V3MkZ7kjFJI76Jj7vREbx5qqLq-31Q9RHyh9FTRml_lhmXQjWU04YyLWXDD8gR1b1otBLd4UffNkx06ic5zvmRUqlZ3x2Rt3_rK0g4-QjZbwLOgCFucX4FzDmOHoud4MWXB9jYOt8EW_wIucS0BRfnOb7U_VDVASym8vC84JMFLICQl6GkuPNjNa06mLH4sky20rWLAXyAECtjMRebAuyqAUQHt2Hy-Iv8cDhn-_uzrsjfq8v7i5tmfXd9e3G-bsaW6dKoTmpFrRik5b3uei6s7FTnXKsQ-8lpMeHItB3dJKhWTqhB9Ij1fq75MMp2RU72vrsUnxebi3mMS6qPyIZLprgQbX3divC9akwx52Sd2SW_xfRqGDXvCZh9AqYmYD4SMLxC7R7KVRw2Nn1Zf0P9B2yWjDE</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2618244397</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>VLF radio signal anomaly associated with geomagnetic storm followed by an earthquake at a subtropical low latitude station in northeastern part of India</title><source>Springer Nature</source><creator>Das, Bakul ; Sen, Arnab ; Haldar, Prabir K. ; Pal, Sujay</creator><creatorcontrib>Das, Bakul ; Sen, Arnab ; Haldar, Prabir K. ; Pal, Sujay</creatorcontrib><description>This paper presents a case study of very low frequency (VLF) radio signal anomaly during a moderate geomagnetic storm (Kp = 6, Ap = 80 and Dst = − 60 nT) on September 10, 2018 followed by a moderate earthquake (
M
= 5.3) on September 12, 2018 which occurred near to (~ 80 km) a subtropical low latitude station Cooch Behar (CHB), India (26.345
°
N, 89.448
°
E). Signal amplitudes from the two transmitters, VTX (18.2 kHz) and NWC (19.8 kHz), are analyzed for this study. Seven VLF parameters, such as nighttime amplitude fluctuation (dA
n
), amplitude difference between pre-sunrise signal and sunrise minimum signal (dA
m
), amplitude difference between sunset minimum signal and post-sunset signal (dA
e
), time (
T
m
) and amplitude (
A
m
) during sunrise minimum, time (
T
e
) and amplitude (
A
e
) during sunset minimum have been examined. Anomalous behaviors of all the parameters have been observed during September 10–12, 2018. D-region electron density is estimated using the long wave propagation capability code which revealed a maximum increment of ~ 20 electron/cm
3
at altitude 85 km over the VTX-CHB path ~ 2 days before the earthquake event. The anomalous behaviors of the VLF signals ~ 1–2 days before the earthquake are identified as possible precursor of the earthquake which could be linked with various pre-earthquake seismo-electromagnetic processes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0973-1458</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 0974-9845</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12648-020-01966-2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New Delhi: Springer India</publisher><subject>Amplitudes ; Astrophysics and Astroparticles ; D region ; Earthquake prediction ; Earthquakes ; Electron density ; Geomagnetism ; Latitude ; Magnetic storms ; Original Paper ; Parameters ; Physics ; Physics and Astronomy ; Radio signals ; Sunset ; Transmitters ; Very Low Frequencies ; Wave propagation</subject><ispartof>Indian journal of physics, 2022, Vol.96 (1), p.13-24</ispartof><rights>Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2021</rights><rights>Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-856980e4b6e2795724e6585ff38aa7df94dac19ecfd4098f48b47aa006292bc63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-856980e4b6e2795724e6585ff38aa7df94dac19ecfd4098f48b47aa006292bc63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Das, Bakul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sen, Arnab</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haldar, Prabir K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pal, Sujay</creatorcontrib><title>VLF radio signal anomaly associated with geomagnetic storm followed by an earthquake at a subtropical low latitude station in northeastern part of India</title><title>Indian journal of physics</title><addtitle>Indian J Phys</addtitle><description>This paper presents a case study of very low frequency (VLF) radio signal anomaly during a moderate geomagnetic storm (Kp = 6, Ap = 80 and Dst = − 60 nT) on September 10, 2018 followed by a moderate earthquake (
M
= 5.3) on September 12, 2018 which occurred near to (~ 80 km) a subtropical low latitude station Cooch Behar (CHB), India (26.345
°
N, 89.448
°
E). Signal amplitudes from the two transmitters, VTX (18.2 kHz) and NWC (19.8 kHz), are analyzed for this study. Seven VLF parameters, such as nighttime amplitude fluctuation (dA
n
), amplitude difference between pre-sunrise signal and sunrise minimum signal (dA
m
), amplitude difference between sunset minimum signal and post-sunset signal (dA
e
), time (
T
m
) and amplitude (
A
m
) during sunrise minimum, time (
T
e
) and amplitude (
A
e
) during sunset minimum have been examined. Anomalous behaviors of all the parameters have been observed during September 10–12, 2018. D-region electron density is estimated using the long wave propagation capability code which revealed a maximum increment of ~ 20 electron/cm
3
at altitude 85 km over the VTX-CHB path ~ 2 days before the earthquake event. The anomalous behaviors of the VLF signals ~ 1–2 days before the earthquake are identified as possible precursor of the earthquake which could be linked with various pre-earthquake seismo-electromagnetic processes.</description><subject>Amplitudes</subject><subject>Astrophysics and Astroparticles</subject><subject>D region</subject><subject>Earthquake prediction</subject><subject>Earthquakes</subject><subject>Electron density</subject><subject>Geomagnetism</subject><subject>Latitude</subject><subject>Magnetic storms</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Parameters</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics and Astronomy</subject><subject>Radio signals</subject><subject>Sunset</subject><subject>Transmitters</subject><subject>Very Low Frequencies</subject><subject>Wave propagation</subject><issn>0973-1458</issn><issn>0974-9845</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kc9KJDEQxoO4sDq7L7CnAs-tSTqdTo4i_oMBL-5eQ3V3MkZ7kjFJI76Jj7vREbx5qqLq-31Q9RHyh9FTRml_lhmXQjWU04YyLWXDD8gR1b1otBLd4UffNkx06ic5zvmRUqlZ3x2Rt3_rK0g4-QjZbwLOgCFucX4FzDmOHoud4MWXB9jYOt8EW_wIucS0BRfnOb7U_VDVASym8vC84JMFLICQl6GkuPNjNa06mLH4sky20rWLAXyAECtjMRebAuyqAUQHt2Hy-Iv8cDhn-_uzrsjfq8v7i5tmfXd9e3G-bsaW6dKoTmpFrRik5b3uei6s7FTnXKsQ-8lpMeHItB3dJKhWTqhB9Ij1fq75MMp2RU72vrsUnxebi3mMS6qPyIZLprgQbX3divC9akwx52Sd2SW_xfRqGDXvCZh9AqYmYD4SMLxC7R7KVRw2Nn1Zf0P9B2yWjDE</recordid><startdate>2022</startdate><enddate>2022</enddate><creator>Das, Bakul</creator><creator>Sen, Arnab</creator><creator>Haldar, Prabir K.</creator><creator>Pal, Sujay</creator><general>Springer India</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2022</creationdate><title>VLF radio signal anomaly associated with geomagnetic storm followed by an earthquake at a subtropical low latitude station in northeastern part of India</title><author>Das, Bakul ; Sen, Arnab ; Haldar, Prabir K. ; Pal, Sujay</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-856980e4b6e2795724e6585ff38aa7df94dac19ecfd4098f48b47aa006292bc63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Amplitudes</topic><topic>Astrophysics and Astroparticles</topic><topic>D region</topic><topic>Earthquake prediction</topic><topic>Earthquakes</topic><topic>Electron density</topic><topic>Geomagnetism</topic><topic>Latitude</topic><topic>Magnetic storms</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Parameters</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>Physics and Astronomy</topic><topic>Radio signals</topic><topic>Sunset</topic><topic>Transmitters</topic><topic>Very Low Frequencies</topic><topic>Wave propagation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Das, Bakul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sen, Arnab</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haldar, Prabir K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pal, Sujay</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Indian journal of physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Das, Bakul</au><au>Sen, Arnab</au><au>Haldar, Prabir K.</au><au>Pal, Sujay</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>VLF radio signal anomaly associated with geomagnetic storm followed by an earthquake at a subtropical low latitude station in northeastern part of India</atitle><jtitle>Indian journal of physics</jtitle><stitle>Indian J Phys</stitle><date>2022</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>96</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>13</spage><epage>24</epage><pages>13-24</pages><issn>0973-1458</issn><eissn>0974-9845</eissn><abstract>This paper presents a case study of very low frequency (VLF) radio signal anomaly during a moderate geomagnetic storm (Kp = 6, Ap = 80 and Dst = − 60 nT) on September 10, 2018 followed by a moderate earthquake (
M
= 5.3) on September 12, 2018 which occurred near to (~ 80 km) a subtropical low latitude station Cooch Behar (CHB), India (26.345
°
N, 89.448
°
E). Signal amplitudes from the two transmitters, VTX (18.2 kHz) and NWC (19.8 kHz), are analyzed for this study. Seven VLF parameters, such as nighttime amplitude fluctuation (dA
n
), amplitude difference between pre-sunrise signal and sunrise minimum signal (dA
m
), amplitude difference between sunset minimum signal and post-sunset signal (dA
e
), time (
T
m
) and amplitude (
A
m
) during sunrise minimum, time (
T
e
) and amplitude (
A
e
) during sunset minimum have been examined. Anomalous behaviors of all the parameters have been observed during September 10–12, 2018. D-region electron density is estimated using the long wave propagation capability code which revealed a maximum increment of ~ 20 electron/cm
3
at altitude 85 km over the VTX-CHB path ~ 2 days before the earthquake event. The anomalous behaviors of the VLF signals ~ 1–2 days before the earthquake are identified as possible precursor of the earthquake which could be linked with various pre-earthquake seismo-electromagnetic processes.</abstract><cop>New Delhi</cop><pub>Springer India</pub><doi>10.1007/s12648-020-01966-2</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0973-1458 |
| ispartof | Indian journal of physics, 2022, Vol.96 (1), p.13-24 |
| issn | 0973-1458 0974-9845 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2618244397 |
| source | Springer Nature |
| subjects | Amplitudes Astrophysics and Astroparticles D region Earthquake prediction Earthquakes Electron density Geomagnetism Latitude Magnetic storms Original Paper Parameters Physics Physics and Astronomy Radio signals Sunset Transmitters Very Low Frequencies Wave propagation |
| title | VLF radio signal anomaly associated with geomagnetic storm followed by an earthquake at a subtropical low latitude station in northeastern part of India |
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