Techno-economic evaluation of bioenergy production from anaerobic digestion of by-products from ethanol flex plants

• Published in: Fuel (Guildford) 2022-02, Vol.309, p.122171, Article 122171
• Main Authors: Tena, Miriam, Buller, Luz S., Sganzerla, William G., Berni, Mauro, Forster-Carneiro, Tânia, Solera, Rosario, Pérez, Montserrat
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anaerobic digestion; Avoided greenhouse gases emissions; Bioeconomy; Bioenergy; By products; Byproducts; Clean technology; Corn; Crop production; Economics; Electricity; Energy recovery; Ethanol; First-generation ethanol; Fossil fuels; Profitability; Renewable energy; Sensitivity analysis; Stillage; Sugarcane; Technology assessment; Thermal energy; Vinasse
• ISSN: 0016-2361; 1873-7153
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122171

[Display omitted] Ethanol production implies in by-products generation, mainly vinasse and stillage, respectively generated from sugarcane and corn ethanol production in flex plants. Both by-products require efficient treatment routes to avoid environmental side-effects to support energy recovery. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to evaluate the techno-economic potential of bioenergy (electric and thermal energy) production from the anaerobic digestion (AD) of vinasse and stillage. Three scenarios were defined: (a) Scenario 1, AD of vinasse; (b) Scenario 2, AD of stillage; and (c) Scenario 3, AD of vinasse and stillage in an integrated process. From the results, the methane production was estimated at 3.8 × 106 m3 year−1 considering the AD of stillage and vinasse in Scenario 3. The electricity and thermal energy generation was estimated as 14.61 GWh year−1 and 1.37 × 105 GJ year−1, respectively. This energy would mitigate 1096.05 and 7659.27 ton CO2eq year−1 when replacing fossil fuel energy. The profitability analysis indicated a positive net present value in the scenarios evaluated, however, the highest value was achieved for Scenario 3 (7,890,407.44 USD). For the integrated process, an internal return rate of 86.87% and a payback of 0.68 year were observed. The sensitivity analysis showed that the project profitability is highly dependent on electricity and thermal energy selling prices. In conclusion, AD demonstrated to be a feasible alternative for vinasse and stillage management in an integrated process, being a sustainable technology to the circular economy transition and energy matrix decarbonization.