Oxidative Stress, Aging, and Short Peptides

This article reviews oxidative stress as one of the mechanisms impairing the functions of cells, organs, and tissues. Aging is associated with reductions in the activities of the enzymes of the antioxidant system. Reactive oxygen species formed in oxidant stress damage DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuroscience and behavioral physiology 2022, Vol.52 (1), p.183-189
Main Authors: Kuznik, B. I., Linkova, N. S., Ivko, O. M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Antioxidants
Apoptosis
Behavioral Sciences
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
DNA damage
Geriatrics
Lipids
Melatonin
Mitochondria
Neurobiology
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurosciences
Oxidants
Oxidative stress
Peptides
Reactive oxygen species
Telomeres
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Summary:This article reviews oxidative stress as one of the mechanisms impairing the functions of cells, organs, and tissues. Aging is associated with reductions in the activities of the enzymes of the antioxidant system. Reactive oxygen species formed in oxidant stress damage DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids, leading to cell apoptosis. Neurodegenerative changes can develop in conditions of oxidant stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. A potential direction in the treatment of neurodegenerative pathology consists of using antioxidants such as melatonin or the short peptides AEDG and KE. Peptide AEDG stimulates endogenous melatonin synthesis as the body ages, while peptides AEDG and KE have antioxidant and geroprotective properties, normalizing telomere length and preventing cell apoptosis. Studies of oxidative stress at the cell, organ, and tissue levels are important for gerontology and the search for novel approaches to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
ISSN:0097-0549
1573-899X
DOI:10.1007/s11055-022-01219-1