Basic design considerations for a frequency step-tunable electron cyclotron wave system to suppress NTMs in DEMO

• Published in: Fusion engineering and design 2021-12, Vol.173, p.112931, Article 112931
• Main Authors: Wu, Chuanren, Aiello, Gaetano, Avramidis, Konstantinos A., Bruschi, Alessandro, Fable, Emiliano, Franke, Thomas, Gantenbein, Gerd, Garavaglia, Saul, Granucci, Gustavo, Illy, Stefan, Janky, Filip, Jelonnek, John, Kudláček, Ondřej, Moro, Alessandro, Poli, Emanuele, Ruess, Tobias, Scherer, Theo, Schramm, Raphael, Siccinio, Mattia, Snicker, Antti, Strauß, Dirk, Suárez López, Guillermo, Tardini, Giovanni, Thumm, Manfred, Tran, Minh Quang, Zohm, Hartmut
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Current drive; Cyclotrons; DEMO; Electron cyclotron wave; Frequency steering; Frequency step-tunable gyrotron; Heating; Launchers; Neoclassical tearing mode; Stabilization; Tearing modes (plasmas); Tuning
• ISSN: 0920-3796; 1873-7196
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112931

An Electron Cyclotron Wave (ECW) system will be used in the European DEMO for the stabilization of Neoclassical Tearing Modes (NTMs). In order to avoid movable mirrors in the harsh environment close to the plasma and to simplify the NTM launcher integration, the tuning of the ECW deposition location can be achieved by launching frequency-tunable ECWs from fixed mirrors while the frequency is tuned in discrete steps of 2–3GHz. An overview of the frequency step-tunable ECW system for NTM stabilization is presented. The design considerations are discussed based on the current DEMO baseline parameters and the status of technologies. A simulation of NTM stabilization with an idealized frequency tunable ECW system on an analytical NTM model is shown. The simulation takes into account a realistic tuning speed based on the present technology and considers the current NTM launcher configurations in DEMO. A simple sweeping strategy is adapted for the control of frequency. Various uncertainties, which will affect the feasibility, need to be further investigated.