Leachability and basicity of Na‐ and K‐based geopolymer powders and lattices used as biodiesel catalysts

Geopolymer powders and 3D‐printed lattices have shown promising preliminary results as heterogeneous catalysts for the transesterification of vegetable oils to produce biodiesel. However, questions about the basicity of catalytic sites and the leaching characteristics of metals (K, Na) and hydroxyl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of applied ceramic technology 2022-03, Vol.19 (2), p.794-802
Main Authors: Botti, Renata, Innocentini, Murilo D. M., Faleiros, Thais A., Paschoalato, Cristina F. P. R., Mello, Murilo F., Franchin, Giorgia, Colombo, Paolo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
additive manufacturing
Basicity
Biodiesel fuels
biodiesel processing
Catalysts
catalysts/catalysis
chemical analysis
Formulations
Geopolymers
Hydroxyl groups
Lattices
Leaching
Methanol
Physiochemistry
Potassium
Sodium
Three dimensional printing
Transesterification
Vegetable oils
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Summary:Geopolymer powders and 3D‐printed lattices have shown promising preliminary results as heterogeneous catalysts for the transesterification of vegetable oils to produce biodiesel. However, questions about the basicity of catalytic sites and the leaching characteristics of metals (K, Na) and hydroxyl groups in the reactional mixtures remained. The leaching of alkaline ions in methanol and biodiesel for powder and printed geopolymer formulations based on K, Na, or Na+K activators and treated at 110 to 700°C was investigated, as well as the physiochemical modifications of the materials. The Hammett indicators were used to determine base strength, and both leachable and total basicities were quantified. The amount of Na and K leached into the biodiesel phase was negligible (
ISSN:1546-542X
1744-7402
DOI:10.1111/ijac.13893