Solanum palinacanthum Dunal as a potential eggplant rootstock resistant to root‐knot nematodes

Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is susceptible to root‐knot nematodes (RKN, Meloidogyne spp.), which parasitizes host roots and intakes nutrients from nursing cells called ‘giant cells’. Grafting with RKN‐resistant rootstock is an effective way to reduce the damage caused by RKN. However, commercially...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of phytopathology 2022-03, Vol.170 (3), p.185-193
Main Authors: Murata, Gaku, Uehara, Taketo, Lee, Hyoung Jae, Mizutani, Masaharu, Kadota, Yasuhiro, Shinmura, Yoshimi, Saito, Takeo, Uesugi, Kenta
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural practices
Biocompatibility
Cultivars
Fruits
Giant cells
Grafting
Integrated pest management
Meloidogyne
Nematodes
Nutrients
Pest control
pest management
Pest resistance
plant–parasitic nematode
Rootstocks
Scions
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum melongena
Tomatoes
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Summary:Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is susceptible to root‐knot nematodes (RKN, Meloidogyne spp.), which parasitizes host roots and intakes nutrients from nursing cells called ‘giant cells’. Grafting with RKN‐resistant rootstock is an effective way to reduce the damage caused by RKN. However, commercially available cultivars of RKN‐resistant rootstock for eggplant are limited, and resistance in RKN‐resistant plants is sometimes ineffective. A wild eggplant relative, Solanum palinacanthum, was recently found to be resistant against a wide range of Meloidogyne spp. In this study, we assessed the suitability of S. palinacanthum as an eggplant rootstock. First, we checked the grafting compatibility of S. palinacanthum rootstock to scions of commercial cultivars of eggplant. The scions of the eggplants and the rootstock of S. palinacanthum united well, and the grafted plants grew stably, whereas S. palinacanthum was seemingly incompatible with tomato. The grafting of eggplants on S. palinacanthum rootstock significantly suppressed the reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita in a pot experiment. The grafted plants also reduced the population densities of RKN infesting the experimental fields, whereas the grafting did not significantly change the yields. In addition, we measured the contents of representative alkaloids in the fruits of the grafted eggplant, which can be toxic if consumed in large amounts. The results show that the grafting did not make any difference in the contents of α‐solasonine and α‐solamargine in the fruit. These results support that S. palinacanthum is a promising eggplant rootstock for Integrated Pest Management (IPM) against RKNs.
ISSN:0931-1785
1439-0434
DOI:10.1111/jph.13067