Decentring the Majority–Minority Paradigm: A Multidimensional Conceptualization of Inter-ethnic Relations Based on a Study of Chinese Canadians

• Published in: Journal of international migration and integration 2022-03, Vol.23 (1), p.183-204
• Main Authors: Tsang, A. Ka Tat, Leung, Vivian W. Y., Tan, Weijia, Chuang, Deng-Min, Hu, Ran
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Asian cultural groups; Chinese Canadians; Cognition; Cognitive ability; Cognitive-behavioral factors; Concept formation; Demography; Ethnic groups; Ethnic relations; Ethnicity; Group dynamics; Interpersonal relations; Migration; Minority & ethnic groups; Minority groups; Population Economics; Social Sciences; Sociology
• ISSN: 1488-3473; 1874-6365
• DOI: 10.1007/s12134-021-00826-0

Inter-ethnic research has been dominated by studies on majority–minority relations. The limited studies on relations among ethnic minority groups are usually restricted to a focus on attitudes and the cognitive domain, with little attention to actual behaviours. As Canada becomes increasingly diverse, it calls for a greater need in examining the interpersonal relationships among ethnic minority groups. A study originally designed to look at intra-group dynamics generated results that led the authors to decentre the dominant majority–minority view and explore inter-ethnic engagements. This report examines the subjective sense-making, actual performance, and management of inter-ethnic relations from Chinese Canadians’ perspectives. Data from individual interviews and focus groups with thirty-five Chinese Canadians show a multidimensional picture: factors such as participants’ needs, circumstances, characteristics, and capacities play a more significant role in shaping relationship development and maintenance. Results also reveal the complex and contingent nature of the sense-making and management of inter-ethnic relationships. These findings call for a more holistic view of individuals’ experiences that include cognitive, affective, and behavioural dimensions.