DOA Estimation of Linear Dipole Array With Known Mutual Coupling Based on ESPRIT and MUSIC

• Published in: Radio science 2022-02, Vol.57 (2), p.n/a
• Main Authors: Bensalem, Mohamed, Barkat, Ouarda
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Antenna arrays; Antennas; Coupling coefficients; Dipoles; Direction finding; Direction of arrival; DOA estimation; Eigenvectors; Error detection; ESPRIT; Invariance; Linear arrays; linear dipole array; Mathematical analysis; MUSIC; Mutual coupling; Parameters; Performance degradation; Separation; Signal classification; Simulation; Subspaces
• ISSN: 0048-6604; 1944-799X
• DOI: 10.1029/2021RS007294

In this paper, multiple signal classification and estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique (ESPRIT) algorithms are proposed to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of multiple incident signals under known mutual coupling among elements of the antenna array. These algorithms use the same subspace based techniques to achieve the separation of the eigenvectors into two subspaces: the signal space and the noise space. However, ESPRIT only uses the signal space. The performance of subspace based DOA estimation algorithm is evaluated using uniform linear arrays of dipole elements. The simulation results show the exact number of samples and elements, signal‐to‐noise ratio and spacing between the antennas elements used are the most important parameters in the algorithms, to sustain the accuracy of the DOA of the incident signals. The problem of calculating mutual coupling coefficient of the array elements is formed into a matrix has been considered. It is shown from the simulation results that the performance of the DOA estimation techniques considering the mutual coupling effect can be improved by the proposed compensation method. The different results obtained are in good agreement with those of the literature. Plain Language Summary In this paper, the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of linear half wavelength dipole array with known mutual coupling has been investigated. The analysis has been based on basic electromagnetic concepts, multiple signal classification (MUSIC) and estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique (ESPRIT) algorithms. Computer simulations were performed to demonstrate the effect of various parameters on the performance of the MUSIC and ESPRIT algorithms and their ability to resolve incoming signals accurately and efficiently. The simulation results show that the performance of DOA improves with more elements in the array, with large snapshots of signals and greater angular separation between the signals. These improvements are seen in form of the sharper peaks and a smaller error in angle detection. The MUSIC algorithm is accurate as compared to ESPRIT algorithm. The result indicates, the MUSIC algorithm has successfully estimated the DOA of the incidents signals impinging on the antenna array. The known mutual coupling between elements may seriously distorts the array output signal and degrades the performance of high‐resolution direction finding techniques such as MUSIC, and ESPRI