Charging and Discharging of Electric Vehicles in Power Systems: An Updated and Detailed Review of Methods, Control Structures, Objectives, and Optimization Methodologies

As a result of fossil fuel prices and the associated environmental issues, electric vehicles (EVs) have become a substitute for fossil-fueled vehicles. Their use is expected to grow significantly in a short period of time. However, the widespread use of EVs and their large-scale integration into the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sustainability 2022-02, Vol.14 (4), p.2137
Main Authors: Aghajan-Eshkevari, Saleh, Azad, Sasan, Nazari-Heris, Morteza, Ameli, Mohammad Taghi, Asadi, Somayeh
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Alternative energy sources
Charge efficiency
Charging
Electric vehicles
Energy storage
Optimization
Optimization techniques
Renewable resources
Vehicle-to-grid
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Summary:As a result of fossil fuel prices and the associated environmental issues, electric vehicles (EVs) have become a substitute for fossil-fueled vehicles. Their use is expected to grow significantly in a short period of time. However, the widespread use of EVs and their large-scale integration into the power system will pose numerous operational and technical challenges. To avoid these issues, it is essential to manage the charging and discharging of EVs. EVs may also be considered sources of dispersed energy storage and used to increase the network’s operation and efficiency with reasonable charge and discharge management. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive and updated review of control structures of EVs in charging stations, objectives of EV management in power systems, and optimization methodologies for charge and discharge management of EVs in energy systems. The goals that can be accomplished with efficient charge and discharge management of EVs are divided into three groups in this paper (network activity, economic, and environmental goals) and analyzed in detail. Additionally, the biggest obstacles that EVs face when participating in vehicle-to-grid (V2G) applications are examined in this paper.
ISSN:2071-1050
2071-1050
DOI:10.3390/su14042137