Efficient Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Other VOCs by a Broad Spectrum Antibody 8G3

• Published in: bioRxiv 2022-04
• Main Authors: Ma, Hang, Tseng, Chien-Te K, Zong, Huifang, Liao, Yunji, Ke, Yong, Tang, Haoneng, Wang, Lei, Wang, Zhenyu, He, Yang, Chang, Yunsong, Wang, Shusheng, Drelich, Aleksandra, Hsu, Jason, Tat, Vivian, Yuan, Yunsheng, Wu, Mingyuan, Liu, Junjun, Yue, Yali, Xu, Wenbo, Zhang, Xiaoju, Wang, Ziqi, Yang, Li, Chen, Hua, Bian, Yanlin, Zhang, Baohong, Yin, Haiyang, Chen, Yi, Zhang, En, Zhang, Xiaoxiao, Gilly, John, Sun, Tao, Han, Lei, Xie, Yueqing, Jiang, Hua, Zhu, Jianwei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ACE2; Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; Antibodies; Epitopes; Immunotherapy; Pandemics; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Spike protein; Viruses
• DOI: 10.1101/2022.02.25.482049

Numerous mutations in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 Omicron variant pose a crisis for antibody-based immunotherapies. The efficacy of emergency use authorized (EUA) antibodies that developed in early SARS-CoV-2 pandemic seems to be in flounder. We tested the Omicron neutralization efficacy of an early B cell antibody repertoire as well as several EUA antibodies in pseudovirus and authentic virus systems. More than half of the antibodies in the repertoire that showed good activity against WA1/2020 previously had completely lost neutralizing activity against Omicron, while antibody 8G3 displayed non-regressive activity. EUA antibodies Etesevimab, Casirivimab, Imdevimab and Bamlanivimab were entirely desensitized by Omicron. Only Sotrovimab targeting the non-ACE2 overlap epitope showed a dramatic decrease activity. Antibody 8G3 efficiently neutralized Omicron in pseudovirus and authentic virus systems. The in vivo results showed that Omicron virus was less virulent than the WA1/2020 strain, but still caused deterioration of health and even death in mice. Treatment with 8G3 quickly cleared virus load of mice. Antibody 8G3 also showed excellent activity against other variants of concern (VOCs), especially more efficient against authentic Delta plus virus. Collectively, our results suggest that neutralizing antibodies with breadth remains broad neutralizing activity in tackling SARS-CoV-2 infection despite the universal evasion from EUA antibodies by Omicron variant. Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.