DEMO – The main achievements of the Pre – Concept phase of the safety and environmental work package and the development of the GSSR

• Published in: Fusion engineering and design 2022-03, Vol.176, p.113025, Article 113025
• Main Authors: Caruso, G., Ciattaglia, S., Colling, B., Pace, L. Di, Dongiovanni, D.N., D'Onorio, M., Garcia, M., Jin, X.Z., Johnston, J., Leichtle, D., Pinna, T., Porfiri, M.T., Raskob, W., Taylor, N., Terranova, N., Vale, R.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ACP; Activation; BDBA; DBA; DEMO safety; FFMEA; Materials selection; MELCOR; Nuclear fusion; Nuclear safety; ORE; Safety management; Security; Source terms
• ISSN: 0920-3796; 1873-7196
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2022.113025

The EUROfusion Safety and Environmental Work Package (WPSAE) has the scope to progress the safety studies for the future EU DEMO reactor. A Generic Site Safety Report (GSSR) has been prepared to include all the steps necessary to cover the safety issues of the nuclear fusion plant, from the definition of principles and requirements, through the detection of the source terms at risk, selecting the postulated initiating events, analyzing the accidents, quantifying the doses to the population and investigating waste production and its management. Eleven GSSR volumes collate the studies performed. The final goal is to prepare safety documentation, as complete as possible, to initiate a preliminary safety report when the plant site is selected. In parallel, the safety studies are supporting the maturation of the design of DEMO, providing feedback on the technical choices for the machine, the selection of materials, the use of space, the equipment necessary to correctly manage the safety risks through continuous collaboration with the design teams of other DEMO Work Packages. The GSSR focused on safety and environmental issues, it did not encompass security issues that could impact the design and hence the safety performance of DEMO. Consideration of the interactions between safety and security will be needed in the development of the DEMO detailed design and its associate Preliminary Safety Analysis Report (PSAR). The main achievements of the Pre-Concept Phase are presented in this paper, by summarizing the contents of GSSR volumes. Completion of the work is foreseen during the future Concept Design Phase (2021–2027).