Torque Ripple and Radial Force Minimization of Fractional-Slot Permanent Magnet Machines Through Stator Harmonic Elimination

• Published in: IEEE transactions on transportation electrification 2022-03, Vol.8 (1), p.1072-1084
• Main Authors: Islam, Md Sariful, Mikail, Rajib, Kabir, Md Ashfanoor, Husain, Iqbal
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Configurations; Electric steering; Finite element method; Fractional slot; Harmonic analysis; Harmonics; Hybrid electric vehicles; Magnetism; noise and vibration; Optimization; permanent magnet (PM) machine; Permanent magnets; Power capacitors; Power steering; radial force; Ripples; Rotors; Stator windings; Stators; Torque; Torque measurement; torque ripple; Vibration analysis; Winding; Windings; wye–delta
• ISSN: 2332-7782; 2577-4212; 2332-7782
• DOI: 10.1109/TTE.2021.3104758

This article proposes a torque ripple minimization strategy based on minimizing interactive space harmonics of fractional-slot permanent magnet (PM) machines using a space-shifted wye-delta stator winding. A radial force analysis has also been carried out, which showed a substantial reduction in the second-order mode for these space-shifted wye-delta wound machines; this will improve the noise and vibration performance. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown by analyzing the performances of a low-power surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) machine for the electric power steering (EPS) applications and a high-power interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines for the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) applications on the 12-slot/10-pole (12 S/10 P) configuration. The proposed winding doubles the stator slot number of the base model, and as a result, the base 12 S/10 P configuration becomes 24-slot/10-pole (24 S/10 P) combination. Compared with the existing ripple minimization techniques of magnet shaping or rotor skewing, the proposed stator winding-based strategy achieves better torque ripple performance and magnet utilization leading to an improvement in average torque while reducing the amplitude of the low-order radial force. A 10-pole SPM machine has been built and tested for experimental validation of both the concept and the finite element analysis (FEA) simulation results.