A 2.4 GHz Bidirectional Power Amplifier Extending Nodes Distance of Transmission to 14.8 km for Amorphous Flat Air-to-ground Wireless Ad hoc Network

• Published in: Arabian journal for science and engineering (2011) 2022-03, Vol.47 (3), p.3239-3254
• Main Authors: Wang, Zhifang, Yu, Jianguo, Bi, Kun, Zhu, Weizhi, Lin, Shangjing
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Ad hoc networks; Amplification; Circuits; Design; Engineering; Frequency ranges; Humanities and Social Sciences; Impedance matching; Low altitude; multidisciplinary; Negative feedback; Nodes; Noise levels; Power amplifiers; Research Article > Electrical Engineering; Science; Self-assembly; Wireless networks
• ISSN: 2193-567X; 1319-8025; 2191-4281
• DOI: 10.1007/s13369-021-06089-2

This paper presents a designed 2.4 GHz bidirectional power amplifier which is suitable for the amorphous flat air-to-ground Ad hoc network system. Based on this PA, each Ad hoc network node’s communication distance can be extended. The proposed PA is designed to be a bidirectional transmission structure. More specifically, RFPA5542 and MAX4003 chips are selected for the TX part. SKY65971 chip is selected for the RX part. The structural layout of the overall impedance matching circuit is optimized to a three-stage cascade current series negative feedback mode. The overall design above has realized the expectation of amplifying and forwarding the signal from the signal source and receiving and amplifying the weak signal from the air-to-ground network nodes in real-time. Measurement results show that the design delivers that the output power is 30.1–30.6dBm, the gain is 25.4–25.9 dB, and the noise is 2.0–2.4 dB when the frequency range is 2.4–2.5 GHz. The experimental results show that the maximum point-to-point transmission distance of the amorphous flat ground wireless Ad hoc network reaches 9600 m, and the maximum point-to-point transmission distance of the amorphous flat air-to-ground wireless Ad hoc network reaches 14,800 m. This paper realizes the 14.8 km long-distance transmission of wireless self-assembling nodes (including airborne self-assembling nodes and ground-based self-assembling nodes) in the 2.4 GHz band, which lays a certain foundation for the subsequent low-altitude economic fly-by-network.