Characteristics of Water-soluble Inorganic Ions in Aerosol and Precipitation and their Scavenging Ratios in an Urban Environment in Southwest China

Daily fine particulate matter (PM_(2.5)) and precipitation samples were collected simultaneously at an urban site in southwest China in four segregated months in 2015 for measuring major water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs). Online hourly concentrations of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) were also monitored, w...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Aerosol and Air Quality Research 2021-05, Vol.21 (5), p.1-13
Main Authors: Lin, Chuanjie, Huo, Tingting, Yang, Fumo, Wang, Bin, Chen, Yang, Wang, Huanbo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerosols
Ammonia
Calcium ions
Chemical precipitation
Chromatography
Glycerol
Investigations
Ions
Particulate emissions
Particulate matter
Pollutants
Precipitation
Rain
Rainfall
Scavenging
Seasonal variations
Sulfur dioxide
Summer
Urban areas
Urban environments
Water chemistry
Wet deposition
Winter
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Summary:Daily fine particulate matter (PM_(2.5)) and precipitation samples were collected simultaneously at an urban site in southwest China in four segregated months in 2015 for measuring major water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs). Online hourly concentrations of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) were also monitored, which showed annual mean concentrations of 67.8 and 41.6 μg m^(-3), respectively. PM_(2.5) showed the highest concentration in winter and lowest in summer. The annual mean concentration of the total WSIIs was 20.3 μg m^(-3), accounting for about 48.7% of PM_(2.5). Among the total WSIIs in ambient PM_(2.5), SO_4^(2-) was the predominant component (49.7%), followed by NH_4^+ (24.1%) and NO_3^- (21.4%). NH_4^+ and SO_4^(2-) were the two most abundant ions in precipitation, followed by Ca^(2+) and NO_3^-. Seasonal patterns of the major inorganic ions in precipitation were similar to those in PM_(2.5), with the highest concentration in winter and lowest in summer. The mean scavenging ratios were 454, 445, 364, 456, and 394 for SO_4^(2-), NO_3^-, NH_4^+, Cl^-, and K^+, and 116, 353, and 18 for gas SO_2, HNO_3, and NH_3, respectively. The higher scavenging ratios of particulate ions than their gaseous precursors suggest the higher contributions of particles than gases to the total wet deposition.
ISSN:1680-8584
2071-1409
DOI:10.4209/aaqr.200513