A review of technologies for closing the P loop in agriculture runoff: Contributing to the transition towards a circular economy

Phosphorus (P) scarcity and the environmental hazards posed by P discharges have triggered the development of technologies for P sequestration and removal from waste streams. Agriculture runoff usually has P concentrations high enough to contribute to eutrophication and harmful algal blooms, but the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ecological engineering 2022-04, Vol.177, p.106571, Article 106571
Main Authors: Altamira-Algarra, Beatriz, Puigagut, Jaume, Day, John W., Mitsch, William J., Vymazal, Jan, Hunter, Rachael G., García, Joan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural runoff
Agricultural wastes
Agriculture
Agriculture surface runoff
Algal blooms
Artificial wetlands
Calcium
Circular economy
Environmental hazards
Eutrophication
Fertilizer
Fertilizers
Phosphorus
Phosphorus sorbing material
Removal
Rivers
Runoff
Soil fertility
Surface runoff
Waste management
Waste streams
Wastewater treatment
Wetland
Wetlands
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Summary:Phosphorus (P) scarcity and the environmental hazards posed by P discharges have triggered the development of technologies for P sequestration and removal from waste streams. Agriculture runoff usually has P concentrations high enough to contribute to eutrophication and harmful algal blooms, but they are still too low for successful P removal with conventional technologies commonly applied in wastewater treatment. For this reason, realistic approaches to remove P from agricultural waste streams mainly include natural assimilation and constructed wetlands. Although these technologies have been implemented for some time, P removal is not always achieved to the needed extent and sometimes sufficient surface areas required are unattainable. Phosphorus sorbing materials, especially materials rich in calcium, have emerged to increase the removal potential of runoff treatment wetlands and at the same time sequester P for potential subsequent reuse. This paper analyses the current strategies and technologies for P removal and reuse from agriculture surface runoff streams taking a circular economy approach. It particularly addresses the current state of calcium rich materials commonly used for P removal that have also shown positive results as fertilizers or soil.
ISSN:0925-8574
1872-6992
DOI:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2022.106571